Tobacco mosaic virus
(TMV) has caused huge economic losses to tobacco,
pepper, cucumber, and ornamental crops all over the world. However,
few effective antiviral agents were developed and applied to control
such plant disease. It is challenging to find an anti-TMV agent which
is highly effective, less toxic, and environmentally friendly. In
this work, a series of ferulic acid ester-containing sulfonamide moieties
were designed and synthesized, and the antiviral activities of these
compounds against TMV were evaluated. The anti-TMV biological activity
test showed that the target compounds showed excellent anti-TMV activity
in vitro
and
in vivo
. In particular, compound
2
has excellent anti-TMV activity at 500 μg/mL, which
is higher than that of the control drug ribavirin. The preliminary
mechanism research results showed that compound
2
can
obviously destroy the morphology of the virions to show excellent
activity. The results show that the ferulic acid ester-containing
sulfonamide moiety deserves further research and development.
Plant immune activators can protect crops from plant virus pathogens by activating intrinsic immune mechanisms in plants and are widely used in agricultural production. In our previous work, we found that curcumin analogs exhibit excellent biological activity against plant viruses, especially protective activity. Inspired by these results, the active substructure of pentadienone and quinazoline were spliced to obtain curcumin analogs as potential exogenously induced resistant molecule. Bioassay results showed that compound A13 exhibited excellent protective activity for tobacco to against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) at 500 μg/mL, with a value of 70.4 ± 2.6% compared with control treatments, which was better than that of the plant immune activator chitosan oligosaccharide (49.0 ± 5.9%). The protective activity is due to compound A13 inducing tobacco resistance to TMV, which was related to defense-related enzymes, defense-related genes, and photosynthesis. This was confirmed by the up-regulated expression of proteins that mediate stress responses and oxidative phosphorylation.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.