Most adolescents have a rich in calories and nutrient-deficient diet, mainly due to the intake of fat and sugar added foods. This work evaluated the sugar content of sweetened beverages and frozen desserts along with their contribution to daily sugar consumption. 11 samples of juices and nectars, 22 of liquid chocolate, 19 of chocolate powder and 17 of frozen desserts were analyzed. The contribution of these foods to the recommended daily sugar consumption was calculated based on the adolescent average total energetic intake and the food servings described on the RDC 359/2003 regulation. Juices, nectars and liquid chocolate presented higher sugar concentrations, 459 and 408 kJ, respectively. Powdered chocolate and frozen desserts measured energetic content were 289 and 221 kJ, respectively. The recommended intake of liquid chocolates, juices and nectars are two and three servings, respectively, resulting in contributions of 816 and 1360 kJ, which represents 97% and 162% of the daily reference values. The obtained results can be used to guide future revisions of the RDC 359/2003 regulation as well as the choice of priority foods for sugar reduction.
In order to implement quick and low residues assays, reflectometry methods for nitrate and nitrite quantification in meat products were validated. Measurement uncertainties were estimated and the methods were applied in commercial samples. The established work range for nitrate determination was 0.007 to 0.188 g/100g expressed in NaNO2. Limits of detection and quantification were 0.0042 and 0.0067 g/100g, respectively. Recovery results were between 90 and 115%, and the precision between 4.1 and 12.8%. The method revealed itself selective in the presence of interferers, except for nitrites, what made necessary its previous elimination. The relative expanded uncertainty varied between 5.3 e 14.2%. The method's repeatability was the greatest source of contribution for the uncertainty. The established work range for nitrite determination was 0.0056 to 0.028g/100g expressed in NaNO2. Limits of detection and quantification were 0.0009 and 0.0056 g/100g. Recovery results were between 81 and 85%, and precision between 4.4 and 10.8%. Phosphates (0.5 g/100g) and ascorbic acid (0.01 g/100g) were evaluated as interferes. Expanded relative uncertainty varied between 2.9 and 4.9%. The methods turned out simple, quick and suitable for the analyte's quantification. Applying the methods in commercial samples, satisfactory results according to maximum limits established by the law were obtained.
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