Introduction:A fracture is a traumatic bone injury that can occur from a variety of causes. Although the repercussions of fractures on the musculoskeletal system are documented, studies with more comprehensive outcomes and later stages of injury are still scarce. Objective: To evaluate the structural and physicalfunctional adaptations in individuals who suffered unilateral lower limb fractures treated surgically. Methods: Thirty-two patients of both genders, aged between 18 and 59 years, with a diagnosis of unilateral *MAFOfracture of the lower limb and hospital discharge of at least one year, participated in the study. The affected lower limb was compared to the healthy lower limb of all participants using the outcome measures: vastus lateral muscle thickness (ultrasonography), knee extension and flexion strength (isokinetic dynamometer), ankle dorsiflexion range of motion of the distance from the foot to the wall) and functional fitness of the lower limb (single and triple horizontal jump test). Results: Statistically significant differences were found between the limbs affected and not affected in the measurements of muscle thickness (p = 0.0001), knee extension force (p = 0.0094), dorsiflexion amplitude (p = 0.0004) and functional performance (p = 0.0094, single jump and = 0.0114, triple jump). In all significant outcomes, the values of the affected limb were smaller than that of the non-affected limb. The peak torque of the knee flexor muscles did not show a statistically significant difference between limbs (p = 0.0624). Conclusion: Individuals who have undergone a surgically treated unilateral fracture of the lower limb present important structural and physical-functional late changes in relation to the non-affected limb.Introdução: Fratura é uma lesão traumática sofrida pelo osso que pode ocorrer por causas diversas. Embora as repercussões das fraturas sobre o sistema musculoesquelético sejam documentadas, estudos com medidas desfecho mais abrangentes e em fases mais tardias da lesão ainda são escassos. Objetivo: Avaliar as adaptações estruturais e físico-funcionais em indivíduos que sofreram fratura unilateral de membro inferior tratadas cirurgicamente. Métodos: Participaram do estudo 32 pacientes de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 18 e 59 anos, com diagnóstico de fratura unilateral de membro inferior e alta hospitalar de no mínimo 1 ano. O membro inferior acometido foi comparado ao membro inferior saudável de todos os participantes utilizando as medidas de desfecho: espessura muscular do vasto lateral (ultrassonografia), força de extensão e flexão do joelho (dinamômetro isocinético), amplitude de movimento de dorsiflexão do tornozelo (teste da distância do pé à parede) e aptidão funcional do membro inferior (teste de salto horizontal simples e triplo). Resultados: Foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os membros acometidos e não acometidos nas medidas de espessura muscular (p = 0,0001), força de extensão do joelho (p = 0,0094), amplitude de dorsiflexão (p = 0,0004) e desempe...
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