Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) are unstable networks, where contemporaneous end to end paths don’t exist. This leads to the problem of how to route a packet from one node to another in such a network, involving whether to send a packet, when to send it and the energy consume control. The existing literature mainly focuses on the energy consumption of packet routing to a single destination node, seldom considering the influence of optimal choice about transmitting rate on network performance. The paper addresses this problem by modeling the packet delivery process of DTNs with multiple destinations adopting ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Furthermore, the tradeoff between delivery performance and energy consumption during packet delivery are mathematically characterized, proving that the maximization of tradeoff is a submodular function and an NP-hard problem. Then, an optimal control method called ‘patient routing’ is proposed to decide whether to send a packet and when the best time is through transmission probability and transmitting rate judgments. Before that time, the node will wait patiently. Our simulations reveal that the proposed routing can significantly reduce nodes energy consumption and achieve higher tradeoff over the other three routings.
Summary
This article is concerned with the issue of event‐triggered adaptive fixed‐time control with sensor and actuator faults for stochastic nontriangular structure nonlinear system (SNSNS). The main difficulty in this article is the design of a novel and stable controller for SNSNS to compensate for the effect of sensor and actuator faults with event‐triggered control (ETC) in a unified framework. The mean value theorem (MVT) and ETC method are introduced to solve the questions of nonaffine structure and communication burden. Meanwhile, with the aid of adaptive neural network and fixed‐time theory, a novel controller is proposed by backstepping technology, which can ensure all the closed‐loop signals are bounded in probability within a fixed time as well avoid Zeno behavior. At last, the simulation is carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
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