T a g g e d E n dBackground: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading rapidly, bringing pressure and challenges to nursing staff. Objective: To explore the psychology of nurses caring for COVID-19 patients. Methods: Using a phenomenological approach, we enrolled 20 nurses who provided care for COVID-19 patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology from January 20, to February 10, 2020. The interviews were conducted face-to-face or by telephone and were analysed by Colaizzi's 7-step method. Results: The psychological experience of nurses caring for COVID-19 patients can be summarized into 4 themes. First, negative emotions present in early stage consisting of fatigue, discomfort, and helplessness was caused by high-intensity work, fear and anxiety, and concern for patients and family members. Second, self-coping styles included psychological and life adjustment, altruistic acts, team support, and rational cognition. Third, we found growth under pressure, which included increased affection and gratefulness, development of professional responsibility, and self-reflection. Finally, we showed that positive emotions occurred simultaneously with negative emotions. Conclusions: During an epidemic outbreak, positive and negative emotions of the front-line nurses interweaved and coexisted. In the early stage, negative emotions were dominant and positive emotions appeared gradually. Self-coping styles and psychological growth played an important role in maintaining mental health of nurses.

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The state of p‐phenylphenol molecules in dioxane/water mixture, a commonly used reaction system for enzymatic polymerization of phenols and aromatic amines, was investigated by difference UV absorption spectroscopy and Fourier transform (FT) Raman spectroscopy. The aggregate of p‐phenylphenols is found on the basis of the exciton peaks observed in difference UV absorption spectra. FT Raman spectroscopy demonstrates further that p‐phenylphenol molecules aggregate together in “face to face” fashion. A simplified model is proposed for aggregation of p‐phenylphenol molecules in dioxane/water mixture, which can elucidate the variation of the molecular weight of poly (p‐phenylphenol) coupled in the reaction system. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

This review aimed to summarize the adverse events (AEs) reported during the use of sacubitril/valsartan versus angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI)/angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB). Studies containing safety outcomes or AEs during the use of sacubitril/valsartan versus ACEI/ARB were retrieved from the MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases and clinical trials. From the selected studies, the pooled risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals of dichotomous outcomes were assessed by a random or fixed effects model in our meta-analysis. Fourteen studies involving 20,261 patients were included in this review. No significant differences were found in total AEs between the sacubitril/valsartan and ACEI/ARB groups. Compared with ACEI/ARB, sacubitril/valsartan decreased the risk of death, discontinuation due to AEs, and renal dysfunction, whereas it increased the risk of hypotension. Specifically, sacubitril/valsartan decreased the risk of death compared with ACEI/ARB, whereas it increased the risk of hypotension for patients with heart failure and decreased the risk of discontinuation due to AEs in White patients. It also increased the risk of dizziness in Asians and decreased the risk of hyperkalemia and renal dysfunction, whereas it increased the risk of hypotension when the study duration was $48 weeks. The available evidence showed that sacubitril/valsartan was associated with fewer side effects than ACEI/ARB, except for hypotension. Study duration, race, and patients with primary diseases affected the AEs of sacubitril/valsartan.

Gloria Ma is an Associate Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering and Technology. She has been teaching robotics with Lego Mindstorm to ME freshmen for several years. She is actively involved in community services of offering robotics workshops to middle-and high-school girls. Her research interests are dynamics and system modeling, geometry modeling, project based engineering design, and robotics in manufacturing. Retaining Female Students in a Robotics Program AbstractAs we all know, the United States is short of women engineers in the work place. Many female students lose interest in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) at an early age. How to encourage and retain female students' interest in STEM is a challenge faced by many educators.The paper describes our collaboration (Wentworth Institute of Technology (WIT)) with an allgirl high school to setup a robotics workshop. The high school administration is interested in bringing engineering and technology as a new component to their curriculum. From our side, we constantly seek outreach opportunities to prompt STEM and attract more girls into the STEM fields. After meeting and discussion with the high school administration, a robotics workshop was developed. The workshop was a year-long program that served as an extra curriculum activity for the girls. The program was launched in Fall 2014, starting with seven girls. By the end of the first year, there were only two students remained in the program. It was thus noticed that retention was a big problem. To increase retention rate, several changes were made in the second year when the workshop was offered, including for example, making the equipment available onsite at the high school, training a science teacher from the high school, providing more detailed step-by-step instructions, designing more individual (instead of integrated) tasks to help students understand the basic concepts, and to simply practice more. Results show that these modifications greatly improve students' learning experience since an average of six to seven girls participated throughout the entire workshop in the second year. This paper summarizes our work and experience in setting up a robotic program at an all-girl high school during the past two years. Details about curriculum development, adjustment, and modifications for improving retention rate are described.

The aim of the present study was to analyze the differences in laboratory results between patients with severe and moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) for clinical intervention. The laboratory results of patients with COVID-19 between December 2019 and May 2020 were assembled from the Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library databases. A meta-analysis was conducted, calculating the individual and pooled odds ratios (ORs) with relative 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) using Review Manager 5.3. The available data of 1,534 patients from 6 studies were included in this analysis. The results demonstrated that the incidence of leukocytosis, lymphocytopenia, increased procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) levels was associated with a nearly 3-fold (OR=3.44; 95% CI: 2.15-5.49), 4-fold (OR=4.39; 95% CI: 1.82-10.60), 5-fold (OR=5.28; 95% CI: 3.42-8.15), 4-fold (OR=3.99; 95% CI: 2.61-6.12), 3-fold (OR=3.02; 95% CI: 2.13-4.26) and 8-fold (OR=8.33; 95% CI: 1.75-39.69) higher risk of severe COVID-19 infection, respectively. These findings indicated that serial white blood cell count, lymphocyte count, CRP, PCT, LDH and AST measurements may be useful for predicting progression towards a more severe form of COVID-19.