The penetration ability of a 5.8 mm standard projectile can be improved by inserting a ZrO2 ceramic ball with high hardness, high temperature, and pressure resistance at its head. Thereby, a ceramic composite projectile can be formed. A depth of penetration (DOP) experiment and numerical simulation were conducted under the same condition to study the armor-piercing effectiveness of a standard projectile and ceramic composite projectile on 10 mm Rolled Homogeneous Armor (RHA) and ceramic/Kevlar composite armor, respectively. The results show that both the ceramic composite and standard projectiles penetrated the armor steel target at the same velocity (850 m/s). The perforated areas of the former (φ5 mm & φ2 mm) were 2.32 and 2.16 times larger, respectively, than those of the latter. The residual core masses of these two projectiles (φ5 mm & φ2 mm) were enhanced by 30.45% and 22.23%. Both projectiles penetrated the ceramic/Kevlar composite armor at the same velocity (750 m/s). Compared with the standard projectile, the residual core masses of the ceramic composite one (Ø5 mm & Ø2 mm) were enhanced by 12.4% and 3.6%, respectively. This paper also analyzes the penetration mechanism of the ceramic composite projectile on target plates by calculating its impact pressure. The results show that the ceramic composite projectile outperformed the standard projectile in penetration tests. The research results are instructive in promoting the application of the ZrO2 ceramic composite in an armor-piercing projectile design.
To further enhance the hole-opening ability of the metal jet formed by the annular shaped charge on the armored steel target, a new annular shaped charge structure of a closed-cell W-shaped charge liner is designed based on a certain penetration depth. The impact of the length-diameter ratio of the charge, the inverted cone angle, and the cone angle of the liner on the opening diameter of the annular metal jet are studied through the orthogonal optimization of the annular shaped charge structures carried out by numerical simulation, which shows that the inverted cone angle and the cone angle of the liner are among the main factors that affect penetration depth and the opening diameter of the annular jet, respectively. According to this, an optimum annular charge structure considering both penetration depth and opening diameter is designed and tested by experiments. According to the results, the optimized annular jet records an opening diameter of 0.83 CD (Charge Diameter) when it penetrates the armored steel target with a thickness of 0.53 CD. The experimental results are consistent with the numerical simulation. The research results have certain practical engineering significance for guiding the design of the front-stage annular shaped charge structure of the multi-effect destructive warhead.
AbstractTo study the dynamic response characteristics of 93W alloy spherical component under high overload, the deformation patterns of the 93W spherical component under different overloads are obtained by the sphereistic impact test, and the microscopic response characteristics are studied by the metallographic analysis experiments. Finally, the response characteristics are analyzed by the finite element method and the stress wave theory. The results show that with the change of impact overload, the axial direction of the 93W spherical component changes linearly with the radial deformation, and the axial strain increases with the increase of the impact overload. At the same time, along the radial direction from the center of the sphere, the micrograin distribution of 93W appears densely packed and sparsely separated, and the grain density is uniformly changed between dense area and sparse area, showing a ring-shaped “bright band” phenomenon between light and dark, and the width of the “bright band” is related to the size of the dense area of the grain; with the increase of the impact overload, the 93W alloy component first breaks at the central axis and the radial maximum position, and the fracture mode changes from the crystal fracture to the transgranular fracture tendency, and the two fracture forms eventually coexist.
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