Blood loss and blood transfusion requirement are important quality control indicators of cardiovascular surgery and cardiovascular anesthesia. Patient blood management PBM) is an evidence-based, multidisciplinary approach to optimize the care of patients who might need transfusion, which encompasses anemia management, hemodilution, cell salvage, hemostatic treatment and other approaches to reduce bleeding as well as restriction of blood transfusion. PBM in cardiovascular surgery is a "team sport" which involves cardiac and vascular surgeons, anesthesiologists, perfusionist, intensivists, and other health care providers. The current work provides an overview of evidence and practice of PBM at Fuwai Hospital. Implementation of PBM should also take local resource availability and cost-effectiveness of different devices, drugs, technologies, and techniques into consideration.Cardiovascular surgical patients consume more than 20% of global use of
Background: The current study was performed to systemically review the efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid (TXA) in patients undergoing cardiac surgery at a single large-volume cardiovascular center.Methods: A computerized search of electronic databases was performed to identify all relevant studies using search terms till December 31 st , 2021. The primary outcomes were postoperative blood loss and the composite incidence of mortality and morbidities during hospitalization. Secondary outcomes included postoperative massive bleeding and transfusion, postoperative recovery profiles, coagulation functions, inflammatory variables, and biomarkers of vital organ injury.Results: Database search yielded 23 qualified studies including 27,729 patients in total. Among them, 14,136 were allocated into TXA group and 13,593 into Control group. The current study indicated that intravenous TXA significantly reduced total volume of postoperative bleeding in both adult and pediatric patients, and that medium-and high-dose TXA were more effective than low-dose TXA in adult patients (P < .05). The current study also demonstrated that intravenous TXA, as compared to Control, remarkably reduced postoperative transfusion incidences and volume of red blood cell and fresh frozen plasma, and reduced postoperative transfusion incidence of platelet concentrates (PC) (P < .05) without obvious dose-effects (P > .05), but TXA did not reduce PC transfusion volume postoperatively in adult patients (P > .05). For pediatrics, TXA did not significantly reduce postoperative transfusion incidence and volume of allogenic red blood cell, fresh frozen plasma and PC (P > .05). Additionally, the current study demonstrated that intravenous TXA did not influence the composite incidence of postoperative mortality and morbidities in either adults or pediatrics during hospitalization (P > .05), and that there was no obvious dose-effect of TXA in adult patients (P > .05).Conclusions: This current study suggested that intravenous TXA significantly reduced total volume of postoperative bleeding in both adult and pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery at the single cardiovascular center without increasing the composite incidence of mortality and morbidities.Abbreviations: CABG = coronary artery bypass graft, CPB = cardiopulmonary bypass, cTn = cardiac troponin, DAPT = dual antiplatelet therapy, FFP = fresh frozen plasma, IL = Interleukin, INR = international normalized ratio, LOS = length of stay, PC = Platelet concentrates, Plt = platelet, PMNE = polymorphonuclear neutrophil elastase, PT = prothrombin time, RBC = red blood cell, RCT = randomized controlled trial, SAPT = single antiplatelet therapy, TXA = tranexamic acid, WBC = white blood cell.
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