Salivary MMP-8, TIMP-1, ICTP, and especially their ratios and combinations are potential candidates in the detection of advanced periodontitis. Differentiating periodontitis and control subjects with salivary MMP-8 detection is dependent on the selected techniques.

No abstract

The results showed an association between body weight and periodontal infection among the non-diabetic, non-smoking population aged 30-49. Additional research is needed to determine the nature of this association.

The aims of the present study were to evaluate the prevalence and severity of oral health impacts among adults and to analyse the effects of age, gender, level of education, number of teeth, and removable denture wearing on these impacts. Nationally representative data (n = 5,987) on Finnish adults aged 30+ yr were gathered in an interview, in a clinical examination, and by a questionnaire including the 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile. Subject age and the number of teeth were significantly associated with oral impacts (occurring fairly or very often) when the effects of gender, educational level, and removable dentures were considered. When subjects >/= 75 yr of age were used as the reference group, the odds ratios (95% confidence interval) were 0.5 (0.3-0.8) and 0.7 (0.5-0.9) for 30-34-yr-old and 34-74-yr-old subjects, respectively. The odds ratios for those with 1-9 teeth and for those who were edentate were 3.4 (2.4-4.9) and 4.0 (2.6-6.3), respectively (20+ teeth as reference). Number of teeth modified the effect of denture wearing, and age modified the effect of educational level on oral impacts. Impaired subjective oral health related to many missing teeth might be improved by wearing removable dentures. Population groups needing special attention are young people with low education and those for whom only a few missing teeth are replaced with removable dentures.

Large, general population-based data on carriage rates of periodontal pathogens hardly exist in the current literature. The objectives of the present study were to examine the salivary detection of Aggregatibacter (formerly Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans, Campylobacter rectus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythensis, and Treponema denticola in a representative sample of the adult population living in southern Finland and to clarify which determinants are associated with the presence of these pathogens in saliva. 16S rRNA-based PCR methods with species-specific primers were employed to determine the presence of the six target bacteria in stimulated saliva samples, which were available from 1,294 subjects aged >30 years. The age group, gender, level of education, marital status, smoking history, number of teeth, and number of teeth with deepened pockets were included in the statistical analysis. In general, the carriage of periodontal pathogens was common, since at least one of the examined pathogens was found in 88.2% of the subjects. In descending order, the total detection rates were 56.9%, 38.2%, 35.4%, 31.3%, 20.0%, and 13.9% for T. forsythensis, T. denticola, P. gingivalis, C. rectus, A. actinomycetemcomitans, and P. intermedia, respectively. Age per se was strongly associated with the carriage of P. gingivalis (P ‫؍‬ 0.000), and the level of education with that of T. denticola (P ‫؍‬ 0.000). There was an association between the number of teeth with deepened pockets and carriage of P. gingivalis (P ‫؍‬ 0.000), P. intermedia (P ‫؍‬ 0.000), T. denticola (P ‫؍‬ 0.000), and A. actinomycetemcomitans (P ‫؍‬ 0.004). The data suggest that distinct species have a different carriage profile, depending on variables such as age, educational level, and periodontal status.Periodontitis is characterized by local infection and inflammation of tooth-supporting tissues, leading to various degrees of periodontal attachment loss in affected teeth. Different forms of periodontitis are multifactorial diseases where microorganisms present in dental biofilms are involved. Etiologic bacteria of periodontal diseases typically include gram-negative anaerobic bacteria: among those, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythensis (formerly Bacteroides forsythus), and Treponema denticola are strictly anaerobic and Aggregatibacter (formerly Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans and Campylobacter rectus are facultative/microaerobic (2,4,13,33). Several demographic and behavioral characteristics, such as race, age, gender, and smoking, as well as socioeconomic status, appear to be related to the prevalence of periodontitis, as shown in different populations worldwide (1). It may be expected that similar factors relate to the carriage pattern of periodontitis-associated microorganisms in similar ways as well. For example, the cumulative increase of periodontitis due to aging could be reflected by the increasing carriage of periodontal pathogen(s). As far as we know, natural car...

No abstract

We suggest that salivary IL-1beta and the presence of multiple periodontal pathogens in saliva should be studied more thoroughly as markers of periodontitis.

Only a few studies have examined the association of metabolic syndrome with periodontal infection and dental caries. The aim in this study was to examine the association of metabolic syndrome with periodontal infection and dental caries using the European Group for the Study of Insulin Resistance (EGIR) definition and its separate components. This study population consisted of dentate, non-diabetic individuals aged 30 to 64 years (N = 2050) who had never smoked. Relative risks (RR) were estimated with Poisson regression models. Metabolic syndrome was associated with teeth with deepened periodontal pockets 4 mm deep or deeper [adjusted RR 1.19 (95% CI 1.01-1.42)], with pockets 6 mm deep or deeper [adjusted RR 1.50 (95% CI 0.96-2.36)], and carious teeth [adjusted RR 1.25 (95% CI 0.93-1.70)]. The results suggest that metabolic syndrome or some of its components are associated weakly with periodontal infection.