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Objective: The aim of this preliminary study was to assess changes in tooth length and alveolar thickness following retraction of maxillary incisors. Methods: A total of 11 patients presenting severe maxillary dentoalveolar protrusion revealed by initial (T1) cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and whose treatment plan included extraction of maxillary first premolars and retraction of maxillary incisors, were selected and submitted to CBCT examination one month after the end of incisors retraction (T2). The premaxilla was assessed through seven axial slices by means of Dolphin ImagingTM software. In each of these slices, five measurements of the distance from the buccal cortical bone to the palatal cortical bone were performed. Tooth length of maxillary incisors (n = 44) was also measured in sagittal slices. Measurements were repeated after a two-week interval, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to test examiner calibration. Wilcoxon test was used to detect differences in measurements performed at the two time intervals. Results: The ICC was satisfactory for tooth length (0.890) and for premaxilla alveolar thickness measurements (0.980). Analysis of data showed no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) in tooth length or alveolar thickness between the two-time intervals assessed. Conclusion: The force used in retraction of maxillary incisors in this research did not promote significant changes in tooth length of maxillary incisors or in premaxilla alveolar thickness.

Aim:To evaluate in vitro, the antimicrobial effect of Cymbopogon citrates (lemon grass), Plectranthusamboinicus (Mexican mint) and Conyzabonariensis (hairy fleabane) tinctures as well as pure and diluted commercial mouth washes (Malvatricin®, Periogard® and Listerine®) on wild isolates of Streptococcusmutans and reference strains of S. mutans, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus oralis and Lactobacillus casei by determination of minimum inhibitory dilution (MID).Materials and Methods:0.12% chlorhexidine and 70% corn alcohol were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. Saliva samples were collected from 3 volunteers and seeded in MSB broth to obtain Streptococcus isolates after 72-hour incubation. Using the agar diffusion method, susceptibility tests were performed with overnight incubation in microaerophilia at 37°C. All tests were performed in duplicate.Results:The bacterial species were resistant to the tinctures and Listerine®, but were susceptible to 0.12% chlorhexidine, Malvatricin® and Periogard®, with MIDs ranging from 12.5% to 1.56%.Conclusions:Plectrantusamboinicus, Conyzabonariensis and Cymbopongoncitratus tinctures and Listerine® did not show inhibitory action against the tested biofilm-forming bacteria.

Objetivo: Avaliar a condição de saúde bucal em escolares de 12 anos, na cidade de João Pessoa-PB, e identificar informações sobre acesso aos serviços odontológicos e autopercepção em saúde bucal. Método: Do universo composto por todos os indivíduos de 12 anos matriculados em estabelecimentos de ensino, a casuística foi constituída por 286 crianças que foram avaliadas por examinadores previamente calibrados. As crianças responderam a uma entrevista estruturada com variáveis referentes ao acesso aos serviços odontológicos e a autopercepção em saúde bucal. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente. Resultados: O CPO-D médio foi de 3,62 (DP=±2,95), constatando-se que 35,09% dos escolares se apresentavam livres de cárie. Dentre as necessidades de tratamento, restaurações de uma superfície foram as mais freqüentes (5,75%). A presença de sangramento gengival foi detectada em 8,86% dos sextantes examinados nos escolares e 8,22% apresentavam cálculo. Quanto às anormalidades dento-faciais, 38,14% das crianças necessitavam de algum tipo de intervenção clínica e apenas 0,35% delas apresentou fluorose dentária (Grau 2 -muito leve). Dos 286 escolares, 94,05% foram ao dentista ao menos uma vez na vida e 53,5% relataram uma situação de saúde bucal péssima, ruim ou regular. Conclusão: a prevalência de cárie dentária para escolares de 12 anos é moderada e a necessidade de tratamento se caracteriza especialmente por procedimentos clínicos de baixa complexidade e de fácil resolução. É expressivo o número de escolares que apresentam sinais de alteração gengival, constatou-se uma elevada prevalência de má oclusão e baixa ocorrência de fluorose dentária na população estudada. Os serviços odontológicos se mostraram disponíveis a um número considerável de escolares de 12 anos, que, em sua maioria, não demonstrou possuir uma boa autopercepção de sua saúde bucal.Epidemiologia; Prevalência; Saúde bucal.Objective: to evaluate the oral health status at the population of 12 years of the city of Joao Pessoa-PB and to identify at the sample information about the access to dental services and self-perception in oral health. Method: From the universe composed by all subjects with 12 years old enrolled in educational institutions, the sample consisted of 286 children who were evaluated by examiners previously calibrated. Children answered to a structured interview with variables related to access to dental services and self-perception in oral health. The findings were analyzed of descriptive form. Results: The index DMFT founded was 3.62 (SD=±2.95), noting that 35,09% of the students presented caries free. Among the needs for treatment, restorations of a surface were the most frequent (5.75%). In relation to the DMFT, carious component had the highest percentage (59.86%), followed by obturated (37.52%) and lost (2.61%). The presence of gingival bleeding was detected in 8.86% of sextants examined in scholars and 8.22% had calculus. About the facial abnormalities, 38.14% of the children needed some type of clinical intervention e only 0.35% showed d...

Objective: To assess the volume and morphology of the middle region of the pharynx (MRP) in adolescents with different anteroposterior craniofacial skeletal patterns. Methods: One hundred twenty-six patients (56 male and 70 female), who had cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) within their records, were selected for this cross-sectional study. Participants were classified, according to their ANB angle value, in Class I (1o ≤ ANB ≤ 3o), Class II (ANB > 3o) and Class III (ANB < 1o). The total volume (tV), minimum axial area (AxMin) and morphology of the MRP and its subdivisions - velopharynx (VP) and oropharynx (OP) - were characterized by CBCT and 3-dimensional image reconstruction software. Intergroup comparisons were performed by ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests. Correlations between tV and Axmin with the ANB angle values were tested using linear regression analysis, considering sex as covariable. Results: Statistically significant difference between groups were observed in tV only for the VP region; Class II individuals presented significantly lower tV (6863.75 ± 2627.20 mm3) than Class III subjects (9011.62 ± 3442.56 mm3) (p< 0.05). No significant differences were observed between groups for any other variable assessed, neither in MRP nor in the OP region (p> 0.05). A significant negative correlation was evidenced between tV and Axmin and the ANB angle values; sexual dimorphism was observed for some variables. Conclusions: Class II subjects have smaller tV in the VP region. tV and Axmin tend to decrease in all evaluated regions when the ANB angle values increase.

RESUMO DESCRIPTORS DESCRITORESErosão de dente; Proteção; Microscopia eletrônica de varredura.Tooth Erosion, Protection, Electron scanning microscopy. In Vitro Study of the Microstructural Characteristics of Enamel Treated with Fluorides and Exposed to Lemon JuiceObjective: To analyze, under scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the microstructural characteristics of human enamel previously treated with topical fluorides and exposed to lemon juice. Method:The sample was composed by 20 enamel blocks obtained from buccal and lingual/palatal surfaces of 10 teeth (premolars and molars). The specimens were randomly assigned to 5 groups (n=4): titanium tetrafluoride (TiF 4 ); acidulate phosphate fluoride (APF); fluoridated varnish (FV); control negative (no treatment); positive control (exposed to lemon juice alone). Topical fluoride application was performed during 30 minutes followed by 5-minute action of lemon juice. The pH was measured right after preparation, obtaining a value of 1.88. Next, the specimens were washed in distilled water, stored and prepared for SEM analysis. Data were evaluated descriptively, considering the qualitative alterations of the sample. Results:The enamel surface treated with FV presented normal characteristics, while the adamantine structure submitted to APF application exhibited alterations suggestive of erosion. For the group treated with TiF 4 , areas of the acid-resistant pellicle were worn associated with areas of enamel erosion. Conclusion:The fluoridated varnish promoted protection of human enamel surface against the erosion resulting from the action of lemon juice, while the acidulated phosphate fluoride and titanium tetrafluoride provided partial protection.

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