El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la calidad posdescongelación de semen equino sometido a dos esquemas de adición de dimetilformamida (DMF) durante la congelación. Se obtuvo el semen de cinco caballos criollos colombianos, el cual fue sometido a dilución en medio INRA82 ® modificado con dos tratamientos de adición de DMF: T1, adición inmediata de 5% de DMF; T2, adición fraccionada de 5% de DMF (durante 10 min). El semen se empacó en pajillas de 0.5 ml que se sometieron a congelación convencional. La movilidad espermática, la vitalidad y la morfología de los espermatozoides se evaluaron pre-y posdilución. Adicionalmente, se realizó un análisis posdescongelación de la movilidad y de la cinética espermática mediante un sistema computarizado, y la evaluación de la integridad de la membrana plasmática por la prueba hipoosmótica (HOS). Se observó una menor reducción de la movilidad espermática por la adición inmediata de DMF (T1) antes y después de la congelación, en comparación con la adición fraccionada del crioprotector (T2) (p<0.05). Se encontraron valores superiores de movilidad total y progresiva posdescongelación para T1, mientras el índice de rectitud (STR) fue mayor para T2 (p<0.05). Se concluye que la adición inmediata de DMF durante la congelación, provee una mayor protección de la movilidad espermática posdescongelación del semen equino, respecto a la adición fraccionada de este crioprotector.
The paradoxical movement of vocal cords is presented by alteration of the opening and closing dynamics during respiratory movements. It is characterized by the adduction of the vocal folds during inspiration, resulting in symptoms of obstructive pathology of the upper airway: stridor, respiratory distress, wheezing and dysphonia in episodic form. Its prevalence is unknown, presenting predominantly in women between 20 and 40 years. It is associated with psychological disorders, gastroesophageal reflux, structural laryngeal anomalies, laryngeal dystonia and more recently exercise and viral infections.Case Report: A 3-year-old male preschooler with laryngeal stridor and difficulty breathing during crying and agitation from birth. At one month of age, a nasolaryngoscopic study revealed: pharyngeal hypotonia, grade I laryngomalacia, posterior laryngeal erythema and structurally normal vocal cords. He was evaluated by gastroenterology reporting Gastroesophageal reflux and indicating treatment with prokinetics. Currently with persistence and accentuation of symptoms during moderate physical activity. Nasolaryngoscopy is performed: vocal cords of normal aspect with paradoxic movement of closing during the inspiration. Phonemic rehabilitation is suggested and presents satisfactory evolution. Conclusion:The paradoxical movement of vocal cords is a little known entity and in some cases wrongly treated. Should be suspected of exacerbated laryngeal symptoms especially with crying and physical activity. It arises as a cause of obstructive upper airway involvement in infancy. Expectant management and phonemic rehabilitation is suggested as a treatment in the alteration of the chordal dynamics.
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