Objective
To investigate changes in the level of protein in serum and uncover the underlying pathogenesis of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) associated with copper intrauterine devices (Cu IUD).
Methods
Protein profiles were investigated via tandem mass tag (TMT)‐based quantitative proteomics and bioinformatics technology. Quantification and characterization of candidate proteins were further performed in 33 controls and 45 cases by Luminex assay and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.
Results
In total, 842 proteins were identified via TMT coupled with liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) in the serum of individuals with IUDs. Among them, 25 differentially expressed proteins (p < 0.05) were observed, including eight upregulated proteins and 17 downregulated proteins. Ten proteins were verified, and Alpha‐1‐Antitrypsin (a1AT) had a significantly elevated expression in women with AUB associated with the Cu IUD compared with healthy controls (p = 0.026) and a high area under the curve value (0.656), as well as sensitivity (64.9%) and specificity (71.9%).
Conclusion
This is the first study to explore changes in serum protein and the underlying mechanisms of AUB associated with the Cu IUD via TMT technology. a1AT with biomarker potential was validated. These findings might provide an experimental basis for the early diagnosis or treatment of AUB associated with the Cu IUD.
Objective To explore the prevalence of contraceptive use, unintended pregnancy, and induced abortions within 24 months postpartum in eastern, central, and western regions of China and in China overall. Design A retrospective cohort study. Setting Hospital-based Maternity units. Population Women who delivered a live baby between 12 and 24 months. Methods: We randomly selected postpartum women at 60 hospitals in eastern, central, and western regions of China. We applied descriptive statistics and life-table analyses. Main outcome measures Prevalence of contraception, unintended pregnancy, and abortions. Results: A total of 18,045 participants were enrolled and interviewed, and 12-, and 24-month contraceptive rates were 85.7% (95% CI 85.2-86.2 ), and 86.8% (95% CI 86.3-87.2 ), respectively. Condoms accounted for 79% of contraceptive initiators. The 12-, and 24-month rates were 5.3% (95% CI 5.0-5.6) , and 13.6% (95% CI 12.2-15.0) for unintended pregnancy; and 4.0% (95%
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.