Considred a more accessible protein source for the population, common beans are consumed daily, mainly in developing countries, in the tropical and subtropical regions of the planet. Studies that use both morphological descriptors and molecular markers have been used in plant breeding programs for common beans. This article aims to report the study of the diversity of recombinant inbred lines and their parents using morphologial descriptors and SSR markers. 22 recombinant inbreeding lines were evaluated derived from the BRS Agreste parents and the black-01 line.For the characterization, 18 microsatellite markers and the following morphological descriptors were used: presence of anthocyanin, number of days after germination, days for flowering, wing color, standard color, seed color, tegument color, seed brightness, commercial group. For molecular characterization, seven markers were used that presented polymorphism The dissimilarity values, using morphological data, ranged from 0 to 8.5; organizing the lineages into three distinct groups. In the molecular analyzes, of the 18 primers tested, 11 were monomorphic and 7 presented polymorphism. The dissimilarity values for molecular analysis ranged from 0 to 0.8; with an average of 0.57. In addition to being informative, these markers are associated with important characteristics for common beans. Joint analysis of the data presented dissimilarity values ranging from 0.0 to 12.5, with an average of 6.89, forming three groups. The joint analysis of morphological and molecular data was efficient to characterize and distinguish inbred lines. The molecular markers used were suitable to the present study. The lines 18 and 19 can be considered duplicate because in all analyzes they remained together.
The already marked tendency for functional food consumption, low in calories, and with biologically active properties, has been increasing. In this scenario, yacon tuberous roots, with high levels of nutraceutical fructooligosaccharides, gain importance. However, these nutraceutical properties depend on fertilization management. Thus, our study aims to evaluate different doses of potassium fertilization on the physicochemical characteristics of yacon roots. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with 4 replications and 5 treatments: four doses of potassium fertilization (50%; 100%; 150%; 200%) of the reference value, corresponding to 178.7 kg.ha-1; 357.4 kg.ha-1; 536.1 kg.ha-1; 714.8 kg.ha-1 of potassium chloride – (KCl), and a control (soil without fertilization). The chemical features evaluated were pH, total titratable acidity, soluble solids, conductivity, turbidity, moisture and ashes. The texture profile was analyzed through toughness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, chewability index, elasticity, and gooeyness. Most of the variables were influenced by potassium soil fertilization. Only turbidity, conductivity and gumminess showed no response to the applied doses, not fitting the tested models. Potassium fertilization improved both chemical (higher levels of soluble solids and less acidity) and physical characteristics (less hardness, chewability, cohesiveness, and adhesion) of yacon tuberous roots, bringing greater quality to the final product. Highlights Yacon is considered a prebiotic food. Several immunostimulatory characteristics promote antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity. Potassium is associated with root size, shape, texture, color, flavor, acidity, nutrient transport resistance, nutritional value, and even market value. Texture constitutes an important factor and quality criterion for the sensory acceptance of food. Thus, the results obtained show that potassium fertilization improves both physical and chemical characteristics of yacon roots. The best results were observed with the maximum dose of potassium fertilization (357.4 kg.ha-1 of KCl).
Coffee has the characteristic of ripening unevenly. Production through wet process favors ripe berries. The fraction of green and green-cane fruit on the coffee tree is normally treated as an inferior quality product. The objective of this work was to evaluate the physical and sensorial aspects of the quality of green-cane and cherry coffee produced through wet process. Batches of coffee were separated according to ripeness and pulped. Drying was carried out on raised patios until reaching 11% wb. After processing, the beans were selected and classified by size. The sensorial analysis was performed through cupping using the scale of the Brazilian Specialty Coffee Association (BSCA). The experiment was carried out at DBC with seven blocks each containing four plots, the source of variance being the ripeness on two levels: cherry and green-cane. The data was subjected to variance analysis (ANOVA) and the averages compared using F test at 5%. Green-cane coffee presented better yield both in sieving and dry mass, as well as a higher quantity of defects. The final cup quality rating did not differ in regard to ripeness. The pulped green-cane coffee may have added value for its beverage quality.
The present study aimed to estimate genetic parameters of 20 common bean genotypes, commercial and regional bean on weed interference. The agronomic characters analyzed were: average stem diameter (ASD); average plant length (APL); number of pods per pot (NPP); number of locules per pod (NLP); number of grains per pod (NGP); percentage of empty locules (% EL); total grains per pot (TGP); total grain weight per pot (TGW) and average grain weight (AGW). High heritability values were found for most of the characters studied, except for NGP and EL; in addition to great genetic variability among genotypes. Therefore, for most of the characteristics of agronomic interest studied, simple selection methods can be applied with great potential to identify superior genotypes and consequent genetic progress in common bean breeding.
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