Foi feita a caracterização morfo-anatômica de frutos e sementes de Oenocarpus minor Mart. Frutos maduros foram coletados de vários indivíduos, em floresta densa antropizada no município de Itacoatiara, Amazonas. Foram feitas mensurações de tamanho, do peso do fruto e da semente e grau de umidade da semente. O estudo anatômico foi feito pelo método de inclusão em parafina. Foi feito um estudo complementar da análise de sais minerais do fruto pelo método de digestão ácida. O fruto é séssil, monospérmico, variando de globoso-ovóide a elipsóide, com epicarpo fino, coriáceo e glabro, formado por uma epiderme de células cutinizadas e região subepidérmica com células taníferas de diferentes formas. Mesocarpo fibro-carnoso e oleaginoso constituído por idioblastos taníferos, freqüentemente agrupados, entre células parenquimáticas. Feixes fibrovasculares localizam-se entre o mesocarpo e o endocarpo. Endocarpo fibroso, delimitado pela epiderme locular composta de uma única camada de células esclerificadas. Semente de globosa a elipsóide, com tegumento fino, formado por várias camadas de células taníferas; com endosperma sólido e homogêneo, com células longas de paredes espessas. Embrião do tipo capitado. A análise dos componentes minerais da polpa apresenta 0,67mg/g de Ca, 0,43mg/g de Mg, 0,08mg/g de Fe, 0,02mg/g de Cu, 9,5µg/g de Zn e 0,02mg/g de Mn.
-It has been suggested that dispersal of seeds of Coussapoa asperifolia magnifolia could have endozoochoric dispersal by frugivorous birds and monkeys because the fruits are red when ripe, or exozoochoric dispersal, because the exocarp is mucilaginous and sticky. However, our field observations showed only stingless bees collecting the exocarp with seeds of C. asperifolia magnifolia, which are used for building and repairing their nests, from which the plants sprout. This paper aimed to determine the fruit chemical composition, since we postulated that C. asperifolia magnifolia is neither consumed by birds nor monkeys due to being very sticky and apparently resinous. Apolar extract analyses revealed the fruits are not resinous but extremely rich in waxes (mainly esterified triglycerides), and polar extract analyses revealed the sugar content to be close to the sensorial minimum level. This probably accounts for why only stingless bees are seen visiting fruits and dispersing seeds. mellitochory / insect-plant interaction / stingless bees / Apidae / Coussapoa
Arrabidaea chica (Humb. & Bompl.) Verl. is an herb popularly used in the treatment of anemia in the Brazilian Amazon region, and little is known about its mineral content. Therefore, the elemental contents of Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn were determined in the dried leaves and tea obtained by decoction and infusion of the three varieties of the medicinal plant using flame atomic absorption spectrometry after acid wet digestion of the samples. In general, the levels of the minerals are in good agreement with other studies involving medicinal plants, and the variety AC2 had the highest concentrations of all elements both in dried leaves and tea. Iron was found to be the most abundant in dried leaves (38.4-115.5 μg g(-1)), whereas manganese had the highest extraction efficiencies both in decoction (56.1-62.7%) and infusion (45.6-63.6%). Additionally, the decoction was more efficient in the extraction of almost all elements. The consumption of the decoction of variety AC2 may contribute to a small proportion to the daily requirements of Mn.
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