Lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) are a class of cysteine-rich soluble proteins having small molecular weights. LTPs participate in flower and seed development, cuticular wax deposition, also play important roles in pathogen and abiotic stress responses. A non-specific LTP gene (SiLTP) was isolated from a foxtail millet (Setaria italica) suppression subtractive hybridization library enriched for differentially expressed genes after abiotic stress treatments. A semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR analysis showed that SiLTP was expressed in all foxtail millet tissues. Additionally, the SiLTP promoter drove GUS expression in root tips, stems, leaves, flowers, and siliques of transgenic Arabidopsis. Quantitative real-time PCR indicated that the SiLTP expression was induced by NaCl, polyethylene glycol, and abscisic acid (ABA). SiLTP was localized in the cytoplasm of tobacco leaf epidermal cells and maize protoplasts. The ectopic expression of SiLTP in tobacco resulted in higher levels of salt and drought tolerance than in the wild type (WT). To further assess the function of SiLTP, SiLTP overexpression (OE) and RNA interference (RNAi)-based transgenic foxtail millet were obtained. SiLTP-OE lines performed better under salt and drought stresses compared with WT plants. In contrast, the RNAi lines were much more sensitive to salt and drought compared than WT. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and yeast one-hybrids indicated that the transcription factor ABA-responsive DRE-binding protein (SiARDP) could bind to the dehydration-responsive element of SiLTP promoter in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Moreover, the SiLTP expression levels were higher in SiARDP-OE plants compared than the WT. These results confirmed that SiLTP plays important roles in improving salt and drought stress tolerance of foxtail millet, and may partly be upregulated by SiARDP. SiLTP may provide an effective genetic resource for molecular breeding in crops to enhance salt and drought tolerance levels.

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3D measurement methods based on fringe projection have attracted extensive research. However, it is a challenge to deal with overshooting on a high-reflection or specular surface. To eliminate the saturated pixels caused by overshooting, we propose a projection intensity adaptive adjustment method. First, we project three uniform gray-level images and estimate the projection intensity of the measured surface through the captured uniform gray-level images. Then we can obtain the optimal projection fringes in the camera coordinate system. Second, a set of horizontal and vertical gray-coded patterns are used to establish a coordinate matching relationship between the projected image and the captured image. To check the decoding result of the gray-coded patterns, a set of horizontal and vertical sinusoidal fringes are used to calculate the high-reflection mapping area (HRMA) in the projector coordinate system. Through the distribution of HRMA, we can check whether the decoding is reliable or not. Finally, we project the optimal intensity fringes and obtain the measurement results. We develop a measurement system to verify the validity of the proposed method. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively avoid overshooting and obtain measurement results with a minimum rms error.