1 Although the use of residential real estate macroprudential tools has become common in recent years, rigorous approaches to their calibration have been relatively scarce. The goal of this paper is to present an approach to (i) evaluating direct risks to financial stability related to residential real estate exposures, and to (ii) calibrating borrower-based macroprudential measures. First we present a macroprudential indicator of potential losses related to the provision of new mortgage loans. Then we show how to determine risky values of the loan-to-value, loan-to-income and loan service-to-income ratios by performing stress tests on the individual new mortgage loans. Finally, we demonstrate the applicability of this approach on the case of the Czech Republic. We conclude by showing that simultaneous adoption of several macroprudential measures may enhance their efficiency without imposing higher restrictions on the mortgage market.
This article describes the expert strategic approach for obtaining the strategic information from the auction system. It discusses the basic problem such as identification of the auctions and here it concerns the items set to sale on the auction system. The expert rules are compiled and dynamically adjusted on basis of the defined parameters, keywords, price range and tracking of historical price trends. These rules assign the unique identifiers to the separate commodities. Data obtained this way are then subsequently used to monitor the price of the commodity or the commodity group. The article describes both the theoretical and technical realization of the expert system with using the open source components. Possibilities for further development and use of the collected data are also discussed. It describes the method of importing data into the public system. The data are then processed into graphs and tables watching market trends and development. The information is used for modeling the portfolio of e-commerce customer.
Interaction of Capital and Liquidity Regulation in the Banking Sector Basel III responded to the financial crisis among other by redefining and expanding the capital requirements and by introduction of the liquidity requirements in the banking sector. Since banks' liquidity and capital positions influence each other through assets structure channel, asset quality channel and profitability channel, there exists a significant relationship among capital and liquidity regulatory tools. A bank can improve its capital and liquidity ratios by lowering riskweighted assets (assets structure channel), but with the negative impact on the interest profit (profitability channel). We therefore aim to test the functionality of these two channels in relation to capital and liquidity positions in the Czech banking sector. We document the effect of the assets structure channel in case of liquidity and capital positions and effect of the profitability channel for the large banks. However, low profitability and introduction of a leverage ratio can limit the effect of assets structure channel on banks´ capital positions.
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