Quantitative RT-PCR was applied to measure the relative expression levels of the adipose differentiation-related protein (ADFP) gene, fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1) gene and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) gene in subcutaneous fat, abdominal fat, liver and muscle at five growth stages (28, 49, 70, 91 and 112 d) to determine the effect of the expression ofthese genes on fat deposition in Daweishan Mini chickens. The relative expression of ADFP gene mRNA in the abdominal fat andthe liver was significantly different between 49 d and 70 d (p<0.05). The relative ApoB gene expression on 91d was higher in the liver, followed by muscles,subcutaneous fat, and abdominal fat, and was significantly higher in the liver than in the other three tissues. FATP1 gene expression in the liver presented a significant positive correlation with subcutaneous fat thickness (p<0.05). The results of this study suggest that the three genes may control the fat development in Daweishan Mini chicken.

Nickel ions from aqueous solutions were removed by micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF), using the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a chelating agent. Process variables and indicators were modeled and optimized by a response surface methodology (RSM), using the Box–Behnken design (BBD). The generated quadratic models described the relationship between a performance indicator (nickel rejection rate or permeate flux) and process variables (pressure, nickel concentration, SDS concentration, and molecular weight cut-off (MWCO)). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that both models are statistically significant. To remove 1 mM of nickel ions, the optimal condition for maximum nickel removal and flux were: pressure = 30 psi, CSDS = 10.05 mM, and MWCO = 10 kDa, resulting in a rejection rate of 98.16% and a flux of 119.20 L/h∙m2. Experimental verification indicates that the RSM model could adequately describe the performance indicators within the examined ranges of the process variables. An artificial neural network (ANN) modelling followed to predict the MEUF performance and validate the RSM results. The obtained ANN models showed good fitness to the experimental data.

Abstract:Objective:To discuss whether PP-2A infl uences the phosphorylation level at APP threonine 668 locus thus regulating Aβ secretion. Method: In the experiment, 24 hours after N2a cells of stably transfected human APP (N2a/APP) were treated with okadaic acid (OA) or DES (C6-ceramide) (N2a/APP), an injection of OA cerebral stereotactic was administered to a SD rat in the hippocampal region, or PP-2A overexpressed plasmids was transfected transiently, the aggregate levels of APP phosphorylated APP, and APP-CTF were detected through immunoblotting and the activity of PP-2A and secretase was also detected using a reagent kit. Result: The phosphorylation level of APP was signifi cantly increased after the PP-2A activity was inhibited by OA. DES activated PP-2A or over-expressed PP-2A was able to reduce the phosphorylation level of APP. Either can inhibit PP and reduce the phosphorylation level of APP. The level of phosphorylated APP was increased significantly after the SD rat was injected with OA through the hippocampal region. The activity of β-and γ-secretases in N2a/APP cells signifi cantly increased after OA treatment whereas the α-secretase activity had no signifi cant changes; the Aβ level increased. Conclusion: We discovered that PP-2A was capable of regulating the Aβ level by regulating APP phosphorylation level and β and γ-secretase activity (Fig. 5, Ref. 30). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.

Biomass fast pyrolysis technology is one of most promising methods to utilize biomass resources, for its high production of pyrolysis liquid named bio-oil. And the fast pyrolysis fluidized reactor is widely used because of the advantages of simple structure, and easy to enlarge. The understanding of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) of its fluidized bed is necessary basis for particulate heat transfer and pyrolysis kinetics research. In this paper, modern hydrodynamic theory and calculation means is employed to simulate the cold state of fluid behavior in the pilot-scale fluidized pyrolysis reactor. The simulation results are in good agreement with the empirical equation and experimental data, with resultant error lower than 10%. Based on the cold state simulation, we modeled the fluid flow behavior in the fluidized reactor during fast pyrolysis under high temperature, and calculated the fluidization velocity and the distribution of solid phase fraction.