Detailed numerical analysis is presented for the effect of spaceship orbital transfer on solution convection during protein crystal growth under microgravity. The results show that the flow and mass transfer during protein crystal growth are unsteady in the process of orbital transfer. For the case of quasi-steady acceleration, the flow is so weak that the effect of flow on concentration field can be negligible. For the case of position adjustment, the convection is enhanced with protein crystal diameter dc > 0.2 mm and slightly alters the purely diffusive concentration distribution under zero gravity condition. For the case of motor working, the solute transport is mainly controlled by convection and the concentration field near the crystal surface is altered obviously.
Detailed numerical analysis is presented for natural convection heat transfer in internally finned horizontal annuli. Governing equations are discretized using the finite volume method, and solved using SIMPLE algorithm with Quick scheme. The results show that the flow and heat transfer can reach steady state when the Rayleigh number is below 2×10 4. When the Rayleigh number is greater than 3×10 4 , two different types of numerical solutions under the same parameters can be obtained for different initial conditions. The critical Rayleigh numbers with two different initial conditions are different from steady to unsteady solutions. The oscillatory flow undergoes several bifurcations and ultimately evolves to a chaotic flow as the Rayleigh numbers increase.
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