Non-verbal communication enables efficient transfer of information among people. In this context, classic orchestras are a remarkable instance of interaction and communication aimed at a common aesthetic goal: musicians train for years in order to acquire and share a non-linguistic framework for sensorimotor communication. To this end, we recorded violinists' and conductors' movement kinematics during execution of Mozart pieces, searching for causal relationships among musicians by using the Granger Causality method (GC). We show that the increase of conductor-to-musicians influence, together with the reduction of musician-to-musician coordination (an index of successful leadership) goes in parallel with quality of execution, as assessed by musical experts' judgments. Rigorous quantification of sensorimotor communication efficacy has always been complicated and affected by rather vague qualitative methodologies. Here we propose that the analysis of motor behavior provides a potentially interesting tool to approach the rather intangible concept of aesthetic quality of music and visual communication efficacy.
In article number https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201809013, Xiaosheng Fang, Hong Wang, and co‐workers develop a self‐powered ultraviolet (UV) photodetector with high optical transparency by using asymmetric Schottky junctions. The photodetector features high responsivity and an ultrafast response speed, making it a promising candidate for the “see‐through” signal receiver in UV communication systems.
The chemical components, He, Ne, and C isotropic ratios of gas samples collected thrice from 32 hot springs in western Sichuan Province, southwestern China in June and October 2008 and June 2009 were investigated in order to discuss the relationship between hot spring gas geochemistry and the Wenchuan Ms 8.0 earthquake. The data showed that the 3 He/ 4 He and C
13CO2 d values in spring gases in the Longmenshan fault (LMSF), Xianshuihe fault (XSHF), and Minjiang fault (MJF) zones increased obviously after the great earthquake. It was estimated that up to 62% of mantle helium contributed to the spring gas in the Kangding region based on the maximum 3 He/ 4 He (7.42 × 10 -6 ) in June 2008. Over time the mantle derived fluid contribution to the hot springs gradually decreased, but the crustal gas components: CO 2 and CH 4 derived from organic matter and radiogenic He increased. The gas geochemical data suggested that more mantle fluids migrated into the crust in western Sichuan Province after the Wenchuan Ms 8.0 earthquake.
Novel molecular glasses (MGs) containing bisphenol A backbone (BPA‐6 and BPA‐10) are synthesized and characterized. BPA‐6 and BAP‐10 are excellent amorphous materials for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) patterning applications with good thermal stability (Td more than 160 °C). The MGs can be used as positive‐tone photoresists combined with triphenylsulfonium perfluoro‐1‐butanesulfonate and trioctylamine dissolved in propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate. High‐resolution feature sizes as small as 23.1 nm with extremely low line edge roughness (less than 2 nm), high sensitivity (less than 20 mJ cm−2), and good high aspect ratio patterns are obtained by using EUV lithography.
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