Cellulose nanofibrils as an emerging class of biomaterials have some incomparable advantages in the field of nanocomposite materials. But a challenge associated with using cellulose nanofibrils in composites is the lack of compatibility with hydrophobic polymers and various modification methods have been explored in order to address this hurdle. This review summarizes some previous useful researches about hydrophobic modification of cellulose nanofibrils and also briefly describes their application in various fields.
In this paper, gelatin-based films were prepared by mixing gelatin with glycerol, and microbial transglutaminase (mTG) which was used as cross linking agent. The result of SEM confirmed that a dense network structure was formed after mTG treatment comparing to the native. The effect of mTG on water barrier property of films was investigated by measuring the water vapor permeability (WVP). The results showed that the concentration of gelatin has a significant influence on the water barrier property of gelatin-based film which was treated with mTG. The WVP value of the films decreased sharply after enzymatic cross-linking when gelatin concentration increased to 8%, while no evident change of the WVP can be found when the gelatin concentrations was lower than 8%.
Tara gum is a natural hydrocolloid obtained by a mechanical process from the endosperm of Tara tree seeds. In this study, chemical composition and structure of tara polysaccharide gum were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Its rheological properties were also discussed. The results showed that tara gum had typical characteristics of plant polysaccharides, which was mainly consisted of galactose and mannose (mass ratio of galactose/mannose was 4.2:1), as well as a small amount of arabinose, glucose and xylose. The viscosity of tara gum solution was increased with the increase of its concentration. The tara gum solution demonstrated a higher viscocity at the shear rate lower than 80 Hz, but a higher elasticity at the shear rate higher than 80 Hz.
The unique physical properties of leather make it ideally suited for the manufacture of a variety of products. Retanning has important effects on the mechanical and physical properties of the resultant leather. In this paper, a novel amphoteric acrylic copolymer as retanning material was prepared by free radical copolymerization. The effects of this copolymer on the physical properties of the resultant leather have been investigated by measuring physical and mechanical indexes of the retanned leather. The function mechanism of this copolymer was also researched. Results showed that this copolymer could improve the properties of the resultant leather including softness and strength, and increase leather’s dyeability in contrast to anionic acrylic polymer.
A novel hollow microsphere plastic pigment was prepared by the soap-free seeded emulsion polymerization. This pigment, with polyacrylate as core and with polystyrene as shell (PA/PSt) had hollow structure after dryness. The latex was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), and particle size analysis. The synthetic pigment was applied in the paper coating, and its influence on the printablility of the coated paper was investigated. The results show that the overall properties of the coated paper can be effectively improved when the clay in the base formulation is replaced by a small amount of hollow microsphere plastic pigment.
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