Impact of service quality and corporate image on satisfaction and loyalty behavioral intention are explored by using the PLS-SEM (Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling) analysis for the exhibition industry. Service quality has a significant enhancing effect on the corporate image of the trade exhibitions, and both have significant positive effects on exhibitor satisfaction. Also, the role of the image as a partial mediating variable between service quality and satisfaction is emphasized. Additionally, the results obtained from multi-group analysis also supported the hypothesis that corporate image and service quality bring different satisfaction responses in exhibitors of the different industry with 4 business sizes in the capital. In light of scale and types of the enterprises for trade shows market, price segmentation strategies should be offered to maintain satisfaction and loyalty from the SMEs. Service quality and image of the service-offering company are more emphasized by big enterprises in choosing the trade organizer. Multiple group analysis also considered categorizing the specific industrial enterprises. The organizer can apply the result to explore workable market strategies to meet the needs of business partners with different capital size. This research not only has avail for trade exhibition organizers but provides necessary theory-based research in the trade exhibition territory.

This study adopted the ecological footprint calculation structure to calculate the ecological footprints of the three major science parks in Taiwan from 2008 to 2010. The result shows that the ecological footprints of the Hsinchu Science Park, the Central Taiwan Science Park, and the Southern Taiwan Science Park were about 3.964, 2.970, and 4.165 ha per capita. The ecological footprint (EF) of the Central Taiwan Science Park was the lowest, meaning that the influence of the daily operations in the Central Taiwan Science Park on the environment was rather low. Secondly, the population density was relatively high, and the EF was not the highest of the Hsinchu Science Park, meaning that, while consuming ecological resources, the environmental management done was effective. In addition, the population density in Southern Taiwan Science Park is 82.8 units, lower than that of Hsinchu Science Park, but its ecological footprint per capita is 0.201 units, higher than Hsinchu, implying its indicator management has space for improvement. According to the analysis result above, in the science parks, the percentages of high-energy-consuming industries were rather high. It was necessary to encourage development of green industries with low energy consumption and low pollution through industry transformation.

This empirical study investigates the causality between agriculture and economic growth in Thailand over the period of 1961 to 2009. A Granger causality approach and the Wald (χ 2 ) coefficient statistic are utilized to reveal a long-run causal relationship and impact transmission between the variables. Based on the time series analyses, a long-run relationship and size impact are detected running from agriculture to economic growth, and vice versa. These findings including with the generalized variance decomposition show that agriculture is existed in a long-term stable in economic growth while economic development encourages the growth of agriculture as a whole. As a conclusion, policy-makers should regard agriculture as an important supporter of Thai economy.

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Sustainable competitiveness is at the core of effective organizational management. However, the interpretation of the concept of competitiveness is quite divided, especially for organizations that are positioned as social enterprises and must bear profits and losses. In this context, we used the PLS-SEM method to discuss the impact of business policies on organizational resource management and select the Taiwanese farmers’ associations for analysis. According to the resource-dependent model, we selected the corresponding variables from the existing operational competition indicators to represent the four major business sectors of these associations. The main contribution of this study is that through expert opinion, the evaluation indicators of the existing business performance competition can be integrated to define the competitiveness of farmers’ associations. We also used the fuzzy C-means method cluster analysis to effectively divide 279 farmers’ associations into six groups according to “population, land, and industry”. It is possible to evaluate the competitiveness of the departments and business policies of the farmers’ associations in different groups according to the performance of their departments. Presenting the differences in business policies will help the government implement effective counseling services between regions. Competitiveness based on the performance of the main functions significantly affects the business execution, asset allocation, marketing, and sales activities of the farmers’ associations. This article clearly points out that an organization may achieve a competitive business objective by taking stock of its own operating and financial conditions. This is also true for non-profit social enterprises.

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