The reactions of (R)- and (S)-4-(1-carboxyethoxy)benzoic acid (H2CBA) with 1,3-bis(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzene (1,3-BMIB) ligands afforded a pair of homochiral coordination polymers (CPs), namely, poly[[[μ-1,3-bis(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzene][μ-(S)-4-(1-carboxylatoethoxy)benzoato]zinc(II)] monohydrate], {[Zn(C10H8O5)(C14H14N4)]·H2O} n or {[Zn{(S)-CBA}(1,3-BMIB)]·H2O} n (1-L), and poly[[[μ-1,3-bis(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzene][μ-(R)-4-(1-carboxylatoethoxy)benzoato]zinc(II)] monohydrate] (1-D). Three kinds of helical chains exist in compounds 1-D and 1-L, which are constructed from ZnII atoms, 1,3-BMIB ligands and/or CBA2− ligands. When the as-synthesized crystals of 1-L and 1-D were further heated in the mother liquor or air, poly[[μ-1,3-bis(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzene][μ-(S)-4-(1-carboxylatoethoxy)benzoato]zinc(II)], [Zn(C10H8O5)(C14H14N4)] n or [Zn{(S)-CBA}(1,3-BMIB)] n (2-L), and poly[[μ-1,3-bis(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzene][μ-(R)-4-(1-carboxylatoethoxy)benzoato]zinc(II)] (2-D) were obtained, respectively. The single-crystal structure analysis revealed that 2-L and 2-D only contained one type of helical chain formed by ZnII atoms and 1,3-BMIB and CBA2− ligands, which indicated that the helical chains were reconstructed though solid-to-solid transformation. This result not only means the realization of helical transformation, but also gives a feasible strategy to build homochiral CPs.
Ceramic coatings based on sol-gel method have increasingly gained much attention in recent times. In order to ascertain important experimental factors (variables) influencing surface properties, such as adhesion, pencil hardness and advancing contact angle (non-stick) of sol coatings, a 26-1-factorial screening design with six experimental variables, precursor mole ratio, low surface energy polymer concentration, silane coupling agent (SCA) concentration, silica nanoparticles concentration (SNP’s),curing temperature and three responses ( surface properties) were investigated. The results indicate that silane coupling agent concentration, SNP’s concentration and their interaction were the most significant experimental factors influencing advancing contact angle. None of the experimental factors studied were statistically significant with respect to hardness and adhesion.
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