Aims This study aimed to describe the experiences of nurses and other health care workers who were infected with coronavirus disease 2019. Methods An empirical phenomenological approach was used. Sixteen participants were recruited in Wuhan using purposive and snowball sampling. Semistructured, in‐depth interviews were conducted by telephone in February 2020. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed following Colaizzi's method. Results Two themes emerged: (1) Intense emotional distress since becoming infected. Participants were fearful of spreading the virus to family and overwhelmed by a lack of information, experienced uncertainty and worried about treatment, felt lonely during isolation and reported moral distress about inadequate health care staffing. (2) Coping strategies were needed. They tried their best to address negative psychological reactions using their professional knowledge and gaining support from others and community resources. Conclusions Preparedness for catastrophic events and providing timely and accurate information are major considerations in government policy development, related to pandemics and adequacy of health care personnel. Mental health resources and support, both short‐ and long‐term should be anticipated for health care providers to alleviate their fear and anxiety.

This pilot study tested the effects of health education on knowledge of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and health-promotion lifestyles among older Chinese adults residing in a nursing home in Wuhan. A convenience sample of 35 elders without AD was recruited from a nursing home in Wuhan and provided with a 5 week health education intervention. Participants had little knowledge about AD and had an intermediate level of health promotion. After receiving the intervention, there were significant increases in scores on AD knowledge (F = 29.69, df = 1.23, P < 0.01) and health-promotion lifestyle (F = 4.39, df = 2, P < 0.05). These results suggest that the intervention on AD knowledge and health promotion was effective for elders in this study. Nurses should therefore provide education for elders in nursing homes to improve their AD knowledge and health-promotion lifestyles, and to prevent or ameliorate AD.

Equitable and efficient distribution of COVID-19 vaccines continues to be a key issue in global health, and a targeted approach is needed to meet the World Health Organization’s world vaccination targets. Although some low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are developing their own vaccines to address the distribution problem, legal and technical challenges have had a negative impact on productivity. This article explores relevant international legal instruments that can enable faster research and development of COVID-19 vaccines in LMICs, focusing on the role of biosafety standards, biological materials transfer, and key knowledge sharing. Our analysis has established that the potential of existing global health legal instruments has yet to be realized in order to close the productivity gap in LMICs and strengthen their vaccine manufacturing capacity. Additionally, mutual recognition of vaccine efficacy has become a new challenge for achieving global vaccination targets. We argue that the World Health Organization should continue its leading position by developing a more practical and targeted framework to help LMICs overcome challenges arising from technology transfer, knowledge sharing, and politics.

In order to assess the effects of dietary protein level on the bioenergetics of the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879), animals were reared under a series of different dietary protein levels, i.e., 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%, respectively. The prawns fed a 20% protein diet showed a signi cantly lower food intake and speci c growth rate than those fed other diets. Mean ammonia excretion of prawns in the 40% dietary protein group was signi cantly higher than that of those in the 20 and 30% groups. Standard metabolic rate of the prawns fed 30% dietary protein was signi cantly lower than that of the prawns fed 20 and 50% dietary protein. Both magnitude and coef cient of the speci c dynamic action (SDA) increased signi cantly with an increase in dietary protein level. RÉSUMÉA n d'établir les effets du niveau de protéines alimentaires sur la bioénergétique de la crevette d'eau douce, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879), des animaux ont été élevés avec des régimes alimentaires à teneurs différentes en protéines, soit 20%, 30%, 40% et 50%, respectivement. Les crevettes nourries avec un régime à 20% de protéines ont montré une prise de nourriture et un taux de croissance spéci que signi cativement inférieurs à celles nourries avec les autres régimes. L'excrétion moyenne d'ammonium des crevettes dans le groupe ayant un régime à 40% de protéines, est signi cativement plus élevé que chez les groupes à 20 et 30%. Le taux métabolique standard des crevettes nourries avec un régime à 30% de protéines est signi cativement inférieur à celui des crevettes nourries avec un régime à 20 et 50% de protéines. La valeur et le coef cient de l'action dynamique spéci que (SDA) augmentent signi cativement avec l'augmentation du niveau de protéines alimentaires.

Rationale, aims and objectives: New nurse graduates encounter a myriad of experiences in their first employment setting as a result of the lack of knowledge, specialized skills, transition shock, and other aspects of the situation. There is a lack of tools to assess the experiences encountered during the transition process in China. The aim of this research was to explore the reliability and validity of Chinese version of the Transition Shock Scale for Newly Graduated Nurses (TSSNGN) among recent Chinese nurse graduates. Methods:The Korean version of TSSNGN was translated and culturally adapted by Beaton and his colleagues based on the instrumental adaptation process. A methodological research design was adopted for the study. Newly graduated Chinese nurses (N=327) were recruited using convenience sampling method. All of he participants were investigated by the Chinese version of the TSSNGN and a socio-demographic questionnaire. The content, construct, convergent, discriminant, and criterion-related validity and the reliability of the scale were examined. Results: The TSSNGN Korean version includes 18 items. A modified index was used to improve the model fit and it supported the reliability of the Korean version of the TSSNGN model. Analysis of fit of the revised Chinese model using Nomed χ2 (CIMIN/df) showed: fit indices to 3.09, RMSEA = 0.07, RMR = 0.03, GFI = 0.90, IFI = 0.92, TLI = 0.90, CFI = 0.92. Criterion-related validity of the Chinese version of the TSSNGN showed significant correlation, and the Cronbach’s alpha was 0.92. Factor loadings of the 18 questions ranged from 0.49 to 0.87. Conclusions: The simplified Chinese version of the TSSNGN is valid and reliable to assess the transition shock of newly graduated Chinese nurses. Keywords: newly graduated nurses; transition shock; reliability; validity