HAdV infections circulate all year-round. HAdV B7 is strongly related to severe infections and pneumonia. Underlying neurologic diseases and prematurity are risk factors for severe HAdV infections.

During embryogenesis, the activated Torso receptor tyrosine kinase (TOR RTK) pathway activates tailless (tll) expression by a relief-of-repression mechanism. Various lines of evidence have suggested that multiple factors are required for this repression. We show that Tramtrack69 (TTK69) binds to two sites within tll cis-regulatory DNA, TC2 and TC5, and that TTK69 is phosphorylated by mitogen activated protein kinase. In embryos lacking maternal ttk69 activity, the expression of both endogenous tll and lacZ driven by the tll minimal regulatory region (tll-MRR) are expanded. Further, in wild-type embryos, the tll-MRR mutated in TC5 drives uniform lacZ expression before late stage 4. We conclude that TTK69 is required for early (before the end of stage 4) repression of tll transcription.

No abstract

RSV is the most common pathogen causing LRTIs in young children, followed by hMPV. The hMPV group had higher mixed infection rate than RSV group. hBoV does circulate in northern Taiwan.

. Sixteen of these isolates belonged to Salmonella serogroup B, nine belonged to serogroup C, four belonged to serogroup D, and two belonged to serogroup E. The majority were from stool cultures. The mechanism of resistance was investigated for eight isolates, including three S. enterica serovar Typhimurium, one S. enterica serovar Wagenia, one S. enterica serovar Senftenberg, one S. enterica serovar Derby, one S. enterica serovar Panama, and one S. enterica serovar Duesseldorf isolate. All eight patients from whom these isolates were recovered had community-acquired infections. All eight isolates were resistant to ampicillin, ceftriaxone, and cefotaxime but susceptible to imipenem and ciprofloxacin. Ceftriaxone resistance was due to the production of the CMY-2 AmpC ␤-lactamase by seven isolates and the CTX-M-14 ␤-lactamase by the remaining isolate. Both ␤-lactamase genes were carried on conjugative plasmids. In a 2.5-kb region encompassing the bla CMY-2 gene, at nucleotide 49 upstream of the start codon of bla CMY-2 , three of the seven bla CMY-2 -positive isolates had an A nucleotide and four had a G nucleotide. In conclusion, the ceftriaxone resistance of nontyphoidal Salmonella isolates in our hospital was attributed to the CTX-M-14 and CMY-2 ␤-lactamases.