Objective To evaluate the influence of self-reported sleep duration on ghrelin secretion and nutritional indicators in obese women. Methods This is an observational study, including 36 adult women with obesity. Sleep duration was reported while completing the general questionnaire. Dietary, laboratory, anthropometric, and body composition indicators, and resting metabolic rate, were evaluated. For statistical analysis, sleep duration data were grouped into tertiles: less than six (first tertile); equal to or above six; and less than eight (second tertile); equal to or greater than eight hours of sleep per day (third tertile). The indicators were compared for the different ranges of the sleep duration. Results There was no significant difference when comparing anthropometric, laboratory, and energy expenditure indicators between sleep tertiles. However, women with shorter sleep duration (less than 6 hours per day) had a higher mean caloric intake, compared with the tertile of eight hours or more of sleep per day. For total lipid intake, the mean consumption was higher in the first tertile (up to six hours a day). Conclusion Sleeping less than six hours a day led to an increase in energy and lipid intake in obese women. However, it did not change the plasma ghrelin concentration.
Dietary approaches are essential to control obesity, but the effectiveness of changes in meal frequency (MF) as a strategy for body weight loss or maintenance remain unclear.
Dietary approach is essential to obesity control, but the effectiveness of changes in meal frequency (MF) as strategies for loss and maintenance of body mass remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of MF on a hypocaloric diet on weight loss, active ghrelin levels and metabolic indicators of women with obesity. This is a randomized, parallel clinical trial, including forty women, randomized in two groups, both following a hypocaloric diet, according to MF (G1 – six meals/day; G2 – three meals/day). Dietary, laboratory, anthropometric and body composition indicators were assessed, as well as energy expenditure (EE), before and after the 90 days of intervention. After intervention, both groups decreased body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fat mass (FM), insulin and HOMA-IR. G1 increased insulin sensitivity and G2 reduced triglyceride and FM and increased fat-free mass (FFM). MF increased ghrelin levels. There were no differences in EE variables. Hypocaloric diet with different MF promoted a reduction in total weight, BMI, WC and FM and an improvement in glycidic metabolism. However, the accomplishment of the three meals/day increased the FFM and active ghrelin and reduced triglyceride, while six meals/day was more beneficial in increasing insulin sensitivity.
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