Emotional eating may be a particularly important contributor to differences in body weight and weight loss response to behavioural interventions among non-Hispanic Black women. We performed a systematic review on the impact of psychological factors (stress, anxiety, depression, and discrimination) upon emotional eating and weight among non-Hispanic Black women, applying the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis for relevant studies. The initial search yielded 4593 articles with 15 accepted for review. Based on this review, there is a suggestion that negative emotions, in particular, perceived stress, may be predictive of emotional eating among non-Hispanic Black women. Results from the only two longitudinal studies identified by the review indicate that stress influences emotional eating, and emotional eating predicts weight gain over time. Findings from this review highlight the need for more studies that examine various negative emotions that may lead to emotional eating and weight gain among non-Hispanic Black women. Findings from this review also highlight the need for more rigorous studies to differentiate the effects of emotional eating from that of the physiologic (ie, activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis) responses to stress and its impact on highrisk groups. K E Y W O R D S emotional eating behaviours, depression, stress 1 | INTRODUCTION More than 80% of non-Hispanic Black women are overweight (body mass index [BMI] of >25-29 kg/m 2 ) and/or obese (BMI of >30 kg/m 2 ) compared with 61% of White women. 1 Excess weight is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), dyslipidemia, type II diabetes, sleep apnoea, osteoarthritis, and multiple cancers (ie, endometrial, breast, colon, kidney, gallbladder, and liver). 1-3 Adults with obesity have a 20% or higher risk of dying of all-cause mortality or CVD compared with adults of normal weight. 4 These health consequences are disproportionately linked to disparities in obesity prevalence among non-Hispanic Black women. 1,5 Causes of overweight and obesity among non-Hispanic Black women are multifactorial. Empirical evidence indicates that non-Hispanic Black women experience high levels of socioeconomic deprivation in childhood, obesogenic built environments, 6perceived racial discrimination, 7,8 and chronic psychosocial stress, [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] which are all associated with weight gain and obesity.Weight loss response to behavioural treatment among non-Hispanic Black women significantly differs from that of other groups.Results from the Diabetes Prevention Study at 12 months demonstrated similar weight loss results of 7.1% to 8.4% among White and Hispanic men and women and non-Hispanic Black men but
Many Lidar system applications are best implemented with photon-counting sensors such as Geiger-mode avalanche photo diode arrays (GmAPD). To meet this emerging need, SRI has become a merchant supplier for custom GmAPD sensor arrays. SRI is currently building several different custom sensor chip assembly (SCA) designs for our customers. These entirely new sensors are based on our extensive GmAPD design and camera sensor manufacturing experience and designed to address lessons learned in the field. Our objective is to build GmAPD arrays that are truly ready for use in fielded mission critical systems. We report on our development of new ROICS and both planar and mesa type detectors at 1.0um and 1.5um and our packaging, assembly, and testing approach for these new single photon sensitive sensors.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.