Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a disease with high fatality. To demonstrate the effectiveness of ribavirin against CCHF. The first group of 21 patients received ribavirin within 4 days of the onset of symptoms (early use of ribavirin, EUR); the second group of 20 patients received ribavirin > or =5 days after the onset of the symptoms of the disease (late use of ribavirin, LUR); and the last group of 11 patients did not receive ribavirin (no use of ribavirin, NUR). At 5-10 days from the onset of symptoms the mean platelet counts of the patients in the EUR group were significantly higher than those of the patients in LUR group, and at 7-9 days, they were significantly higher than that of the patients in the NUR group. The mean aspartate transferase levels in the EUR group were significantly lower than of the NUR group on days 8 and 9, and the mean alanine transferase level was significantly lower on day 8 after the onset of the symptoms. There is a beneficial effect of ribavirin if given at an early phase of the CCHF. We suggest ribavirin use especially in the early phase of the disease.
Among the micro-organisms that may affect the respiratory apparatus are the protozoa. The diseases they may give rise to constitute a relatively uncommon group of respiratory ailments with, in the majority of cases, an underlying clinical situation corresponding to states of suppressed immunity (AIDS, transplants, malign haemopathies, corticotherapy, etc.). Other factors, such as visits to endemic areas and immigration, also have to be taken into account.In view of the probable increase in the number of cases and the appearance of new emerging diseases, it is the intention of the present work to review the publications available, in different fields of medicine, that refer to the principal kinds of protozoa (Entamoeba,
It is well known that horizontal transmission is quite common in countries where Hepatitis B Virus is moderately endemic. To our best knowledge, this is the largest series observed regarding the horizontal transmission in pediatric chronic HBV infection in Turkey. It is necessary to expand the preventive programs to target not only the newborn period but also all stages of childhood.
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