The purpose of this study was to conduct an epidemiological investigation on the occurrence of Brucella ovis and Brucella abortus in sheep flocks at municipalities belonging to the microregion of Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. Samples from 521 animals were analyzed. It was performed blood collection by venous access, and the tubes containing the samples were sent to the Laboratory of Pathophysiology of Reproduction of Domestic Animals of the Federal University of Piauí, for later analysis. It was performed the antibodies detection for anti-Brucella ovis and anti-Brucella abortus using the Agar Gel Immunodiffusion (AGID) and Buffered Acidified Antigen (AAT) techniques, respectively. A questionnaire, containing questions on the general aspects of the property, the herd, reproductive and sanitary management of the animals, was applied to the owners of the herds. No animals were found seropositive for Brucella abortus. 53.6% of the properties investigated had at least one case of sheep seropositive for Brucella ovis by AGID test. 4.6% of the samples were positive for antibodies anti-Brucella ovis. About the positive samples, 8.67% were females and 1.0% males. 13.6% of positive samples were about animals aged more than 36 months. The main type of breeding system was the extensive. It was reported abortions incidents in about 28,6% of the properties. 7.1% of the properties did not perform any sanitary management and only 39.2% of the properties received some type of technical assistance. Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the micro-region of Teresina is exposed to the contamination of Brucella ovis, and sanitary and reproductive management is defective in the properties, as well as the technical assistance is little requested by the producers, impairing the control and prevention of ovine brucellosis.Keywords: Brucellosis, management, ovines
This study aimed to analyze the case series of canine leptospirosis at the University Veterinary Hospital - UFPI. A total of 82 dogs were treated between 2018 and 2019, with suspected leptospirosis. For confirmation, the Microscopic Seroagglutination Test (MAT) was performed. The sera classified with 50%, 75% and 100% of agglutination were submitted to a second test of the MAT for titration with the reactive serovars, considered infective the one with the highest titer, with 35 (43%) reagents and 47 (57%) non-reactive. It is concluded that leptospirosis is widespread among dogs from Teresina - PI and has its main hosts in synanthropic rodents, as well as the dog itself.
Among the diseases that affect the reproductive system of domestic animals, brucellosis in the sheep species is important because it generates significant economic losses to sheep rearing. Thus, it is a threat to the growth and productivity of sheep herds. In the face of this problem, the objective of the present research was to identify the prevalence of ovine brucellosis in herds in municipalities of the Teresina, Piauí, Brazil microregion by using the agar gel immunodiffusion assay (AGID) and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) serological tests. Fourteen municipalities were included in the research. Blood samples were collected from 521 pubescent animals by puncturing the jugular vein. After collection, the samples were submitted to the serological techniques, AGID and indirect ELISA, to detect anti B. ovis antibody. Of the 521 samples submitted to the AGIDtest, 23 (4.41%) were sera reagent and 498 (95.58%) negative. The indirect ELISA tests, 24 (4.61%) suspect samples and 497 (95.39%) negative samples were obtained, and there were no reagent animals in this test, only suspect. The seroprevalence of ovine brucellosis in the Teresina, Piauí microregion was 4.41%. Thus, it is possible to identify sheep with reagent serology to infection by B. ovis, that is present in municipalities in the state of Piauí, Brazil. Furthermore, AGIDwas shown to be more sensitive in detecting animals that had had contact with the etiological agent of the disease.
A zoofilia pode possibilitar a prática de outros crimes mais graves contra o ser humano, pois a violência doméstica, o abuso de crianças, o álcool e os animais estão intimamente ligados. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever um caso de zoofilia em um cão, relatar como as medidas legais têm sido adotadas e destacar o papel do médico veterinário como coadjuvante da justiça. Foi atendido no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal do Piauí (HVU/UFPI), na cidade de Teresina, um cão macho, mestiço, 5 anos, apresentando sinais clínicos de dor abdominal. O exame clínico revelou excitação comportamental, hemorragia subconjuntival no olho direito, paralisia dos membros pélvicos, mucosa anal congestionada e edemaciada, laceração da junção mucocutânea anal com falta de sensibilidade e presença de secreção fluida. Após exames, a análise do material reprodutivo exógeno revelou a presença de espermatozoides humanos. O animal foi submetido a fluidoterapia e medicado. 72 horas após o atendimento de emergência, o animal veio a óbito. Diante desse precedente, o HV/UFPI apresentou queixa na Delegacia Especializada de Polícia Ambiental (DEMA) em Teresina, PI, Brasil. Na audiência de instrução e no julgamento do presente caso, o autor do crime e seu advogado aceitaram a proposta de transação penal, que estabelecia um valor penal em benefício de uma associação de proteção aos animais do estado do Piauí, com prazo para confirmação do depósito na conta indicada.
Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, endemic in 98 countries, constituting a major public health problem. Conventional treatments cause serious adverse effects, poor tolerance, development of resistant strains, and are costly. Natural products have been investigated in the search for therapeutic alternatives. The cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) is a natural source of phenolic compounds, showing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobials, antitumors, larvicides and insecticides, with cardanol (CN) being considered one of the most important and promising technical components. This study aimed to evaluate antileishmania, cytotoxic and immunomodulatory activities of CNSL and CN. The substances showed antileishmania potential, with values of mean inhibitory concentration (IC50) of CNSL and CN against Leishmania infantum: 148.12 and 56.74 µg/mL; against Leishmania braziliensis: 85.71 and 64.28 µg/ml; against Leishmania major: 153.56 and 122.31 µg/mL, respectively. The mean cytotoxic concentrations (CC50) of CNSL and CN were 37.51 and 31.44 µg/mL, respectively. CNSL and CN significantly reduced the percentage of infected macrophages, with a selectivity index (SI) > 20 for CN. CNSL and cardanol caused an increase in phagocytic capacity and lysosomal volume, however, they did not exhibit significant induction of nitric oxide synthesis. Survival rates of Zophobas morio larvae at doses of 3; 30 and 300 mg/Kg were: 85%, 75% and 60% in contact with CNSL and 85%, 60% and 40% in contact with CN, respectively. There was a significant difference between the survival curves of larvae when treated with CN, demonstrating a significant acute toxicity for this substance. Additional investigations are needed to evaluate these substances in the in vivo experimental infection model.
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