Resumo: O objetivo do estudo foi analisar os efeitos de um Programa de Educação em Saúde desenvolvido por graduandos de medicina, com o emprego do rádio sobre a construção de conhecimentos por parte dos ouvintes residentes em um município do interior de Minas Gerais. Tratase de estudo intervencional, com delineamento longitudinal e abordagem quantitativa, realizado na cidade de Gouveia, situada na região centrosul do Vale do Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Verificou-se que os participantes do estudo conhecem vários aspectos sobre dengue, parasitoses, DST/HIV/Aids, bem como sobre os efeitos do uso do álcool e do tabaco. Denotou-se, igualmente, que o programa de rádio desempenhou papel importante nas aprendizagens relacionadas aos agravos abordados, expandindo significativamente o percentual de acertos das questões expostas. As considerações elucidadas apontam que a utilização de estratégias educativas legitimadas no cenário vivencial da população e pautadas em uma relação dialógica é essencial para a reconstrução de saberes fundamentada nos conhecimentos prévios dos educandos. Palavras-chave: educação em saúde; rádio; dengue; doenças parasitárias; doenças sexualmente transmissíveis.
Background: In the era of the re-emergence of syphilis, ocular syphilis has gained attention because its prevalence has increased and it can cause blindness and disability. Objectives: To investigate the clinical presentation and prognosis of ocular syphilis. Methods: Prospective study on 53 patients (90 eyes) with ocular syphilis diagnosed at the Santa Casa of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The diagnosis was based on clinical manifestations of the disease and on serological markers (positive serum treponemal and non-treponemal tests or two positive treponemal tests). Results: Thirty-five eyes (66%) were from men and the mean age was 45.3 ± 12.0 years. HIV coinfection was confirmed in 10 patients (18.9%). Forty-four (84.9%) had VDRL titers ≥ 1:32. Bilateral ocular involvement occurred in 68%. Optic neuritis was diagnosed in 51.7% of the eyes and uveitis in 48.2%. Regarding visual acuity, the median baseline logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) was 1 (20/200 Snellen), while after antibiotic therapy, the median was 0.2 (20/30 Snellen). Poor visual acuity after treatment, defined as the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA; logMAR 1; 20/200 Snellen) or worse, was associated with severe BCVA at presentation (below logMAR 1.3; 20/400 Snellen) (p = 0.001) and age over 50 years (p = 0.001). Conclusions: This study confirms the wide spectrum of clinical manifestations of ocular syphilis. The most frequent form was optic neuritis, an important differential diagnosis from other causes of inflammatory neuritis. Early diagnosis is essential, given that this is a treatable condition with excellent visual recovery in most cases.
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