The authors used an alternating treatment, single-case design to determine the effect of dialogic reading, modeling, and dialogic reading plus modeling on the expressive vocabulary identification of 2 preschool children identified with autism spectrum disorder. Their preschool teacher implemented each of the conditions within the daily routines of the classroom. Each condition demonstrated effectiveness; however, the dialogic reading condition had the most robust effect on both of the children's labeling of target vocabulary words.
To shed some light on how writing methods are currently taught in a variety of programs across the United States and continue examining high-quality writing educators, the present chapter presents five distinct models for teacher preparation. These models are the result of meeting state-level standards; national standards through the International Literacy Association (ILA); and core competencies from research, theory, and practice. The course models represent the Pacific Northwest, Midwest, Southeast, and Northeast, showing diversity across the United States. Specifically in the present chapter, the researchers (1) present effective models of writing instruction; (2) provide examples of integrated approaches to research, theory, and practice for writing instruction; and (3) examine limitations and opportunities within each model. The goal of the present chapter is to outline these models in the hopes that other programs can modify and replicate the models that best fit their unique demographics, needs, and literacy standards.
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