The assessment of the ability of a talker to communicate with other persons, under given conditions, is normally accomplished by means of speech intelligibility testing. The resultant scores, however, do not provide any quantification of how well the communicating individuals performed the task at hand. An experiment was conducted in which professional military crews operated a tank simulator at five levels of speech intelligibility ranging from very good to extremely poor. Measures such as time to drive to an engagement location, number of targets hit, time to perform the entire mission, etc., were obtained. The results of this study will serve as a first step for establishing more realistic acoustical limits for military systems, guide the design of improved communication systems, and assist operations analysts in better defining war gaming parameters.
This paper describes a conceptual framework and human factors evaluation for usability assessment of commercially available telemedicine technology. Four criteria of human factors evaluation are utilized: (1) technical acceptability; (2) operational effectiveness; (3) clinical appropriateness; and (4) equipment selection. These criteria were applied to commercially available video-otoscope systems for otological evaluations.
Response times to left and right directional street signs, embedded in photographic street scenes, were measured. Department of Transportation directional signs were photographically inserted on both the left and right side of the road. Both permissive and prohibitive street signs were used. The effect of field dependence, sex, street scene background complexity, and sign type were of interest. The street scene stimuli were presented briefly (180 ms) using a tachistoscope; subjects' verbal response times were measured. Mean response times for men and women did not differ significantly. Field dependence was significantly correlated with response time. Response times increased significantly as the street scene background was made more complex. Prohibitive word signs resulted in the fastest response times.
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