Effective policies promoting diversity in geoscience require understanding of how the values and practices of the community support the inclusion of different social groups. As sites of knowledge exchange and professional development, academic conferences are important culturing institutions that can alleviate or reproduce barriers to diversity in geoscience. This study examines diversity at a 2017 geoscience conference, the joint Canadian Geophysical Union and Canadian Society of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology annual meeting, through observation of participation, presentation content, and behaviour in conference sessions. Across 256 observed presentations, women constituted 28% of speakers, whereas women of colour made up only 5%. Participation rates differed between disciplinary sections, with the most populous sessions (Hydrology and Earth Surface) having the lowest percentage of women. Examination of presentation content reveals that the methods and scholarly contributions of both women and people of colour differed from the majority, suggesting an intellectual division of labour in geoscience. Examination of audience behaviours between presenters reveals how a "chilly climate" can be experienced by women and other marginalized demographics in conferences. We argue that there is more to be done than simply increasing numbers of women or other minorities in geoscientific spaces, and we suggest pathways to making geoscience a more inclusive and democratic pursuit.

Abstract:Growing interest in supraglacial channels, coupled with the increasing availability of high-resolution remotely sensed imagery of glacier surfaces, motivates the development and testing of new approaches to delineating surface meltwater channels. We utilized a high-resolution (2 m) digital elevation model of parts of the western margin of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) and retention of visually identified sinks (i.e., moulins) to investigate the ability of a standard D8 flow routing algorithm to delineate supraglacial channels. We compared these delineated channels to manually digitized channels and to channels extracted from multispectral imagery. We delineated GrIS supraglacial channel networks in six high-elevation (above 1000 m) and one low-elevation (below 1000 m) catchments during and shortly after peak melt (July and August 2012), and investigated the effect of contributing area threshold on flow routing performance. We found that, although flow routing is sensitive to data quality and moulin identification, it can identify 75% to 99% of channels observed with multispectral analysis, as well as low-order, high-density channels (up to 15.7 km/km 2 with a 0.01 km 2 contributing area threshold) in greater detail than multispectral methods. Additionally, we found that flow routing can delineate supraglacial channel networks on rough ice surfaces with widespread crevassing. Our results suggest that supraglacial channel density is sufficiently high during peak melt that low contributing area thresholds can be employed with little risk of overestimating the channel network extent.

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This paper presents reach scale large wood (LW) budgets of 12 upland streams in the Okanagan Basin of British Columbia. The study included 100 m long reaches at three wildfire sites and three undisturbed sites in the Interior Douglas‐fir (IDF) biogeoclimatic zone, and three recent Mountain Pine Beetle (MPB) infestation sites and three undisturbed sites in the Montane Spruce (MS) zone. Detailed information on wood recruitment, output and storage were obtained from repeated annual surveys. Recruitment from the riparian zone was found to dominate wood inputs, with fluvial import of secondary importance. In undisturbed streams, wood exhumation was found to be of tertiary importance, but was not observed in disturbed streams. Relative wood length was found to be a strong predictor of wood stability, with wood length to channel width and wood diameter to channel depth ratios of 1:1 forming an approximate maximum threshold of wood mobility. Volumetric decomposition was, on average, a third of the value of fluvial export, and the average residence time of wood in the channels was 20 years. In undisturbed reaches, wood storage indicated a slow depletion of wood from the channels. In the disturbed reaches, wildfire was found to significantly increase annual wood recruitment by more than an order of magnitude over undisturbed or control streams. MPB had not significantly increased LW recruitment, but is expected to increase over the coming decades. Storage rates at the disturbed streams indicated a net accumulation of wood over the study period. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.