With today's leisure tourism, the frequency of visits to many caves makes it necessary to know about possible potentially pathogenic microorganisms in caves, determine their reservoirs, and inform the public about the consequences of such visits. Our data reveal that caves could be a potential danger to visitors because of the presence of opportunistic microorganisms, whose existence and possible development in humans is currently unknown. Caves, bacteria, fungi, virus, opportunistic pathogens Received 26 Oktober 2009; Revised 28 November 2009; Accepted 9 December 2009. or have lowered defences. Unfortunately, information on this topic is not well known, and visitors remain unaware. Determining the extent of the potential danger is of great interest -not only scientific, but also medical and social. Our data reveal that caves could be a potential danger to visitors, because of the presence of opportunistic microorganisms, whose existence and possible development in humans is currently unknown.
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CAVE MICROORGANISMSMicroorganisms occupy all the niches of the biosphere, including subterranean ones. Underground habitats, represented essentially by caves, have no light, little or no organic nutrient load, a relatively constant temperature, and extensive areas of mineral surfaces.The literature on microbial communities in subterranean environments is scant and chiefly restricted to caves found in Spain, Italy, France, Rumania, and the USA. Most of the existing literature refers to specific aspects, such as the taxonomic or geomicrobiological ones (Hernandez-Marine & Canals, 1994;Northup & Lavoie, 2001; Engel et al., 2003; Barton, & Northup, 2007; Barton et al., 2007; Porter et al. 2009), to the effects on rock-art paintings (Schabereiter-Gurtner et al., 2002 a, b), or colonization by fungi (Dupont et al., 2007; Bastian et al., 2009b).A review on the biodiversity and distribution of