The case study of flexible integrated flowsheet development for sodium hypophosphite production is presented. It is based on phosphoric sludge utilization process. The weight concentration of phosphorous in raw materials is equal to 30e50%. The reaction and separation parts of the system were designed based on detailed analysis of production stages. After that the process equipment was selected. Process modelling is made for annual production of hypophosphite equal to 2500 t. It permitted to extract process streams for heat energy integration and to define their parameters. The operating pinch procedure was used to estimate the consumption of hot and cold utilities for non-integrated process. The influence of utilities cost on minimal temperature difference is investigated. Analysis of heat system topology modification depending on energy prices is conducted. Optimal structure of heat recovery system and minimal temperature difference are determined. It is shown that optimal integrated process consumes 45% of hot and 30% of cold utilities required by non-integrated process.
This paper presents both the results of a study of the existing heat exchanger network (HEN) of an industrial unit for ethylbenzene (EB) production by the alkylation of benzene with ethylene, and an analysis of four different HEN retrofit projects carried out using process integration methods. The project of modernization of HEN was carried out using classical methods of Pinch analysis. For this case, the value of ΔTmin is determined, which is limited by the technological conditions of the process. Additionally, two different heat pump (HP) integration options and the joint retrofit Pinch project with HP integration are under consideration. The economic analysis of each of the projects was carried out. It is shown that the best results will be obtained when implementing the joint project. As a result, steam consumption will be reduced by 34% and carbon dioxide emissions will be decreased by the same amount.
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