The necessity to take into account flexibility of pile foundation in design of such structures as towers for mobile communication or radio equipment especially under dynamic loads (seismic, fluctuating component of wind load and the resonant vortex excitation) has been considered. The specific features of modeling of pile ductility, using program complex SCAD, were discussed and examples of corresponding calculations are given. The influence of pile parameters on internal forces and deflections of structure were also discussed. It was found, that for screw piles in the calculation results are mostly influenced by diameter of the broadening; the influence of trunk diameter of piles is considerably less. The effect of trunk pile diameter is much more important for piles without the broadening than for screw piles. It was also found that in most cases the effect of pile ductility in the vertical direction is much more significant than in horizontal
Abstract. The article considers innovative modern materials and structures for strengthening of weak soils. In this paper describes a method of strengthening of weak saturated soils using stone columns. The method of calculating the physical-mechanical characteristics of reinforced soil mass is presented. Two approaches to determining the stress-strain state and timeframe of consolidation of strengthened soil foundation using the finite element technique in two-dimensional formulation are proposed. The first one approach it is a modeling of reinforced soil mass, where each pile is represented as a separate 2D stripe. The second approach is to the simulation of the strengthened mass the equivalent composite block with improved physical-mechanical characteristics. The use of the equivalent composite block can significantly reduce the time spent on the preparation of a design scheme. The results of calculations were compared. They show the allowable divergence of results of calculation by two methods were presented, and the efficiency of the strengthening of weak water saturated soils by stone column is proved.
The article is devoted to the analysis of technical and economic efficiency of application of high-strength concrete (HSC) in the eccentrically compressed columns. In the first part of the paper, the effect of concrete grade on in-creasing the column stiffness depending on steel ratio at different values of the relative eccentricity is considered. According to the results of the calculation, application of HSC is most effective at low values of the relative ec-centricity because increasing the concrete strength leads to more intensive increasing of column stiffness than increasing of steel ratio. In the second part of the paper, the material cost of the 1 linear meter of the column is calculated at the fixed value of column stiffness and application domain of HSC is defined in the case under consideration. In addition, load characteristics providing the efficiency of HSC application in the eccentrically compressed columns are determined.
ev, L. N. Sinyakov, UDC 627.824.3.065:624.131.7 and V. A. Mel'nikov On-site observations of earth dams and theoretical investigations confirm the possibility of the occurrence of zones with a loading condition under which continuity of the soil watertight element can be disturbed as a result of the effect of tensile forces~ Tension cracking is the most dangerous form of rupture of soil which can disturb the normal operation of the dam or lead to failure. The occurrence of tension cracks is promoted by nonuniform displacements which occur during compaction of the soil and are independent of the interaction of forces between elements of the dam, by the configuration of the canyon, and by the presence of irregularities on the surfaces between the dam and the foundation and canyon walls [i, 2].
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