The performance of check-all-that-apply (CATA), projective mapping, sorting and intensity scales was assessed for determining consumer perception of probiotic yogurts, two prototypes added with glucose oxidase, a potential oxygen scavenger and 04 commercial brands available in the Brazilian market. Each sensory methodology was tested by administrating the tests to 30 regular consumers of the product. Napping and CATA did not provide adequate discrimination of the samples while better results were noted for sorting and intensity scales, separating the yogurts containing glucose oxidase from the commercial probiotic yogurt. Sensory methodologies using consumer responses present potential options for the characterization of food matrices with multiple sensory sensations, such as probiotic yogurt.
Dulce de leche samples available in the Brazilian market were submitted to sensory profiling by quantitative descriptive analysis and acceptance test, as well sensory evaluation using the just-about-right scale and purchase intent. External preference mapping and the ideal sensory characteristics of dulce de leche were determined. The results were also evaluated by principal component analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, partial least squares regression, artificial neural networks, and logistic regression. Overall, significant product acceptance was related to intermediate scores of the sensory attributes in the descriptive test, and this trend was observed even after consumer segmentation. The results obtained by sensometric techniques showed that optimizing an ideal dulce de leche from the sensory standpoint is a multidimensional process, with necessary adjustments on the appearance, aroma, taste, and texture attributes of the product for better consumer acceptance and purchase. The optimum dulce de leche was characterized by high scores for the attributes sweet taste, caramel taste, brightness, color, and caramel aroma in accordance with the preference mapping findings. In industrial terms, this means changing the parameters used in the thermal treatment and quantitative changes in the ingredients used in formulations.
The purpose of this study was to elaborate prebiotic yoghurt using ovine milk and different inulin concentrations (0, 2 and 6%). Samples were submitted to laboratory analysis and two sensory tests with 100 consumers. The results of apparent viscosity and firmness determined by instrumental analysis of each yoghurt and control differed significantly. Just-About-Right showed consistency as the main attribute that varied in treatments. According to penalty analysis, prebiotic yoghurt containing 6% inulin had minor penalties, which indicates its advantage in the quest to better consumer demands. Hence, this treatment demonstrated better results as well as the many prebiotic benefits associated with an adequate fibre amount.
ResumoA contaminação ambiental por fezes de cães e gatos tem sido uma preocupação constante em áreas urbanas, devido principalmente à possibilidade de transmissão de zoonoses. É comum o encontro de massas fecais nas calçadas de alguns bairros do município de Niterói. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a prevalência de parasitos em massas fecais recolhidas em oito bairros do município de Niterói. Duzentas e quarenta amostras de massas fecais foram recolhidas em vias públicas e processadas no Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias da Faculdade de Veterinária da UFF, utilizando-se as técnicas de sedimentação simples e centrifugoflutuação em solução de sulfato de zinco. A prevalência das massas fecais positivas para a presença de formas parasitárias foi de 18,3%. Destas, 22,7% foram encontradas em Charitas, 20,7% em Jurujuba, 13,6% no Vital Brazil, 13,6% no Ingá, 11,4% em São Francisco, 9,1% em Santa Rosa, 4,5% em Icaraí e 4,5% em Piratininga. Das formas parasitárias encontradas, 76% foram ovos de ancilostomatídeos, 9% cápsulas ovígeras de Dipylidium sp., 9% ovos de Trichuris sp., 4% ovos de Toxocara sp. e 2% de formas vegetativas de Entamoeba sp. Estes dados são úteis como indicadores de risco para a saúde animal e humana, bem como para campanhas de conscientização com enfoque em Saúde Pública. Paravras-chave: cão, fezes, zoonoses. AbstractThe environmental contamination by excrements of dogs and cats has been a constant concern in urban areas, mainly due to the possibility of transmission of zoonosis. It is common to find fecal masses on the sidewalks of some Niterói`s boroughs. The objective of this work was to determine prevalence of parasitic agents in collected fecal masses in the public ways of eight quarters of the city of Niterói. Two hundred and forty samples of fecal masses had been collected and processed at the Laboratory of Parasites Diseases at the UFF, by techniques of spontaneous sedimentation and centrifuge-flotation. The prevalence of positive fecal masses for the presence of parasitic forms was of 18,3%. Of these 22,7% were found in Charitas, 20,4% in Jurujuba, 13,6% in Vital Brazil, 13,6% in Ingá, 11,4% in São Francisco, 9,1% in Santa Rosa, 4,5% in Icaraí and 4,5% in Piratininga. Of the parasitic forms found 76% were eggs of ancylostomatids, 9% egg capsules of Dipylidium sp., 9% eggs of Trichuris sp., 4% eggs of Toxocara sp. and 2% of vegetative forms of Entamoeba sp. Data on the prevalence of parasitic agents in excrements of dogs, are useful as indicator of risk for the animal and human population and in campaigns of awareness about public health.Keywords: dog, feces, zoonosis. IntroduçãoA contaminação ambiental por fezes de cães e gatos tem sido uma preocupação constante em áreas urbanas, devido principalmente à possibilidade de transmissão de zoonoses como larva migrans cutânea, larva migrans visceral, toxoplasmose, criptosporidíase e giardíase. A presença de fezes destes animais em ambiente urbano constitui um problema sanitário relevante para crianças, pois são particularmente mais suj...
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