Thanks to high resolution and polarization analysis, resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) magnetic spectra of La 2 CuO 4 , Sr 2 CuO 2 C l2 and CaCuO 2 reveal a rich set of properties of the spin-1 /2 antiferromagnetic square lattice of cuprates. The leading single-magnon peak energy dispersion is in excellent agreement with the corresponding inelastic neutron scattering measurements. However, the RIXS data unveil an asymmetric line shape possibly due to odd higher order terms. Moreover, a sharp bimagnon feature emerges from the continuum at ( 1 /2, 0), coincident in energy with the bimagnon peak detected in optical spectroscopy. These findings show that the inherently complex spin spectra of cuprates, an exquisite manifestation of quantum magnetism, can be effectively explored by exploiting the richness of RIXS cross sections.
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