It is known the association between malnutrition and hypertension in the adult life. The aim of this study was to determine the consequences of the brazilian regional basic diet (RBD) submitted chronically to Wistar rats in the function and in the intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis of the heart. After weaning, the rats were fed with RBD and conventional diet for 10 weeks (n=10 each). The rats were subjected to echocardiography. A cohort of 5 hearts was isolated, perfused with Krebs buffer in the presence or absence of isoproterenol (ISP, from 0.3 to 1000 nM) by the Langendorff method. The microssomal fractions of the ventricles were obtained to measure the Ca2+‐ATPase activities. Ecocardiographic analysis showed a decrease in the cardiac output (53%), ejection fraction (71%), stroke volume (48%), and left diastolic ventricular diameter (22%) in the RBD. The left ventricular developed pressure was decreased in the RBD (34%). Furthermore, the contractility (+LVdP/dt) and relaxation (−LVdP/dt) in the presence of ISP are disrupted. The lung weight/body weight ratio were increased in 75%. We observed that the total Ca2+‐ATPase activity was two times higher in the RBD; due to a decrease in SERCA and an increase in the PMCA activities. Our data indicate that chronic malnutrition unbalances the SERCA and PMCA activities that could affect the heart hemodynamic.
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