Purpose This paper aims to assess information and communication technologies (ICT) policies for digital transformation in Colombia to determine their effectiveness in technology readiness for Internet of Things (IoT) adoption in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the trading sector. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted a longitudinal study using the ICT module of the Annual Trade Survey (2017–2018) to determine the relationship between SMEs in the trading sector adopting ICT applications and ICT policy enforcement. In this sense, this study applied a chi-square test for independence and addressed a descriptive analysis to determine SMEs’ causes for adopting or rejecting ICT applications. Findings This study presents the state of ICT adoption in Colombian SMEs in the trading sector between 2017 and 2018, highlighting that technology readiness is crucial for adopting technological trends. Research limitations/implications The data source used for the study is only available for analysis one year after implementing ICT policies focused on digital transformation. Practical implications The results support the need for the National Government to formulate IoT policies that favor the adoption of e-commerce based on IoT technologies in SMEs in the trading sector. Social implications IoT adoption can mitigate e-commerce problems strengthening SMEs’ competitiveness in the trading sector leading the digital transformation in Colombia. Originality/value This study presents the need to formulate IoT policies in Colombia focused on deploying IoT applications to strengthen e-Commerce in SMEs in the trading sector.

Evaluation of the effect of investor psychology on an artificial stock market through its degree of efficiency Evaluación del efecto de la psicología del inversionista en un mercado bursátil artificial mediante su grado de eficiencia

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While the instrumental notion of corporate social responsibility (CSR) focusses on what is strategic, its normative viewpoint indicates what is appropriate. This work examines how social businesses’ (SBs) employees understand the notion of CSR concerning this conceptual tension. In order to do this, a qualitative content analysis supported by text mining techniques is performed in a micro-finance institution in Colombia. Results imply that employees with a high sense of belonging tend to endorse their organizations’ CSR orientation. Also, this work identifies two distinct clusters of SB’s employees based on their notion of CSR: a sizeable instrumental group and a small normative one. This contributes to a better understanding of the CSR field by visualizing the conflict/complementarity of individual perspectives.