The large genus Heteragrion has a wide distribution in the Neotropics from southern Mexico to northern Argentina, occurring from sea level to 1800 m.a.s.l. In Colombia, so far ten species and two subspecies of the genus Heteragrion have been found; here we raise this number to 14, with three new records for the country (H. angustipenne Selys, 1886, H. flavidorsum Calvert, 1909 and H. valgum Donnelly, 1992), and the description of H. demarmelsi sp. nov. from Leticia Municipality, Amazonas Department. Also, the females of H. angustipenne and H. flavidorsum are described for the first time. Heteragrion peregrinum Williamson, 1919 is rediscovered and reported in new locations. Photographs of the main structures of taxonomic importance of males and females of all species of Heteragrion from Colombia are presented. Finally, we provide distribution maps, a taxonomic key (for males and females), and comments on the natural history of all Heteragrion species known from Colombia, are also included.
Pseudotepuibasis gen. nov. is erected for P. garrisoni sp. nov. from the Colombian Amazon (December 2015, Caquetá Department, Solano Municipality, Araracuara, Guacamayo Guard, -72.2497, -0.6308, L. Pérez leg.). Male and female of this new genus are described and illustrated, cerci of male with a ventrobasal spur for which it is considered in the tribe Teinobasini, close to Tepuibasis De Marmels, 2007 and Austrotepuibasis Machado & Lencioni, 2011, by its color pattern and cerci morphology; and close to Leptobasis Selys, 1877 and Mesoleptobasis Sjöstedt, 1918, by its genital ligula. Some notable characters of Pseudotepuibasis are a chitinized spine-like process directed posteriorly on the genital ligula, male cerci with chitinized median tooth, and thoracic color pattern.
A new monobasic genus Dactylobasis is erected for D. demarmelsi sp. nov. (Holotype male, COLOMBIA, Chocó Department, Salero 05°19’01” N 76°36’52” W, alt. 129m, 10 VIII 2005. L. A. Pérez leg. UARC), is described and illustrated. The new genus is considered a member of the Teinobasini by the presence of an articulated ventral spur at the base of cercus in male. Generic characters are: mesanepisternum entirely metallic green, each with a horn in both sexes, propleuron laterally swollen with a spinulose conical posterior projection; male paraproct long with ventral branch at half of its length. Dactylobasis demarmelsi is probably endemic to the Biogeographic province of Chocó.
Adult female and ultimate stadium larva of Mesagrion leucorrhinum are formally described and illustrated based on material from three locations in Antioquia, Meta and Cundinamarca Departments, Colombia. The species is sexually dimorphic. The ♀ is distinguishable from other related genera by a pair of notches in the prothoracic anterior lobe and shares with Heteropodagrion and Dimeragrion females a yellowish, scarcely sclerotized region dorsally between the posterior margin of S7 and anterior border of S8. The larva is very similar to Heteropodagrion. Differences for separating them are: the pro-, meso-and metathoracic supracoxal processes are less prominent in Mesagrion, and the length of the terminal filament of the middle gill is notably longer in Mesagrion. The specimens were also compared with other related genera. Observations on habits are added. La Hembra y la larva en último estadio de Mesagrion leucorrhinum son formalmente descritas e ilustradas basadas en material de Colombia de tres localidades en los departamentos de Antioquia, Meta y Cundinamarca. Existe marcado dimorfismo sexual en la especie. La ♀ es distinguible de otros géneros relacionados por un par de muescas en el lóbulo anterior del protórax, dorsalmente presenta en el borde posterior del S7 y base del S8 una zona escasamente esclerotizada de color amarillo, similar a la que se observa en hembras de Heteropodagrion y Dimeragrion. La larva es muy similar a la de Heteropodagrion. Diferencias para separarlas son: los procesos supracoxales en pro-, meso-y metatórax son menos prominentes en Mesagrion, y el tamaño del filamento terminal en la branquia media es marcadamente más largo en Mesagrion. Los ejemplares fueron comparados con géneros relacionados. Adicionalmente se presentan datos sobre hábitos.
Detailed descriptions and illustrations are provided of the ultimate instar larvae of Argia medullaris and Argia variegata from Colombia. The principal features are outlined and compared with other species. Argia medullaris differs from other species of the genus by the parallel width of the lateral gills and prominent ligula; the A. variegata larva can be separated from other species by the absence of setae and spines on male and female gonapophyses and its peculiar madicolous habit.
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