Information on the chironomid fauna in lentic habitats in the State of São Paulo is gathered from the literature, and suggestions for future studies are provided. Key words: Chironomidae, lentic systems, Neotropics, references ResumoEste trabalho reúne dados de estudos ecológicos sobre Chironomidae em ambientes lênticos do estado de São Paulo e propõe algumas sugestões para futuros estudos. Palavras-chave:Chironomidae, sistemas lênticos, Região Neotropical, referências.Biota Neotropica v4(n2) http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v4n2/pt/abstract?article+BN03104022004

The paper presents a description of larva, pupa, imago (male) and karyotype of Chironomus amissum from southeastern Brazil. It belongs to pseudothummi cytocomplex with 2n=8 and chromosome arm combinations: AE BF CD G. Several fixed homozygous inversions distinguished arm A of the new species from that of Chironomus columbiensis Wülker et al. 1989 and Chironomus anonymus Williston, 1896. One homozygous inversion of arm F differentiated it from C. anonymus. Species-specific characters were presented in the larva, pupa and imago.

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Chironomidae (Diptera) on artificial substrates within a small reservoir: Represa do Monjolinho (São Carlos, São Paulo, Brasil)-The present study aimed to verify possible taxonomic and functional differences between the Chironomidae assemblages that colonize organic and inorganic substrates of different structures. Polymers (polystyrene and nylon mesh), minerals (pyro clay and sand) and organic vegetable substrates (wood branches and litter of Scirpus cubensis and Cabomba piauhyensis) were immersed in Monjolinho Reservoir water column in nylon mesh bags. After 30 days, they were taken and washed through a 0.21 mm mesh sieve. The organisms retained by the sieve were identified under stereoscopic and/or optic microscopes. The 3432 larvae analyzed pointed to the presence of 17 taxonomic units. Goeldichironomus neopictus was the predominant species, colonizing abundantly all the substrates (>73%). The quantitative (Euclidean Distance) and qualitative (Jaccard Coefficient) cluster analyses pointed to different groups. The former grouped the (1) Programa de Pós Graduação, Recursos Naturais. Tel

Five new species of Chironomus Meigen, C. detriticola, C. antonioi, C. phytophilus, C. oliveirai, and C. fittkaui, are described and figured as male, pupa, and larva. The species live in different water systems in São Paulo State, Southeastern Brazil.

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