RESUMO -(Síndromes de polinização e de dispersão em fragmentos da Floresta Estacional Semidecídua Montana, SP, Brasil). Este estudo teve como objetivo conhecer a distribuição de síndromes de polinização e dispersão entre os estratos verticais e entre a borda e o interior de fragmentos da Floresta Estacional Semidecídua Montana, na Fazenda Bela Vista (46º52'W e 22º47'S, 750-850 m de altitude), Município de Pedreira, Estado de São Paulo. Através de coletas semanais entre agosto/97 e outubro/98, fizemos um levantamento das síndromes de polinização e dispersão de 151 espécies de árvores e arbustos com DAP ≥ 3 cm, considerando os estratos superior (altura >9 m), intermediário e inferior (altura < 4,5 m), a borda (faixa de 50 m) e o interior de três fragmentos (100 ha). Predominou a síndrome de melitofilia, seguida de síndromes não especializadas, falenofilia, miiofilia, psicofilia, quiropterofilia, ornitofilia, cantarofilia e anemofilia. As espécies com síndromes de ornitofilia, quiropterofilia e anemofilia mostraram preferência por ambientes abertos, e as espécies com síndromes de melitofilia tenderam a ocorrer nos estratos superiores. Predominaram síndromes zoocóricas, seguindo-se as anemocóricas e autocóricas. As espécies zoocóricas predominaram nos estratos inferiores. As espécies anemocóricas e autocóricas mostraram preferência por ambientes mais abertos e predominaram nos estratos mais altos no interior da mata. Diferentes síndromes de polinização e dispersão estão associadas a diferentes ambientes e estratos da floresta. Palavras-chave: síndromes de polinização e dispersão, estratificação, Floresta Estacional Semidecídua MontanaABSTRACT -(Pollination and dispersal syndromes in semideciduous montane forest fragments, São Paulo State, Brazil). We aimed to analyze pollination and dispersal syndrome distribution among strata and between edge and interior of semideciduous montane forest fragments at Fazenda Bela Vista (46º52'W; 22º47'S, 750-850 m a.s.l.), Pedreira municipality, São Paulo state, SE Brazil. During weekly visits from August/1997 to October/1998 we classified the pollination and dispersal syndromes of 151 tree and shrub species with dbh ≥ 3 cm in the upper (height > 9 m), intermediate and lower (height < 4.5 m) strata and at the edge (50 m strip) and interior of three forest fragments (100 ha). The bee-pollination syndrome (melittophily) predominated, followed by non-specialized syndromes, phalaenophily, myiophily, psycophily, chiropterophily, ornithophily, cantharophily, and anemophily. Anemophilous, chiropterophilous and ornithophilous species were more frequent in open environments, and melittophilous species tended to occur in the upper stratum. Zoochoric syndromes predominated, followed by anemochoric and autochoric syndromes. Anemochoric and autochoric species were more frequent in open environments and predominated in the upper strata in the forest interior. Different pollination and dispersal syndromes are associated with different environments and forest strata.
-(Floristic analysis of trees and shrubs in a fragment of Semideciduous Montane Forest, municipality of Pedreira, São Paulo State, southeastern Brazil). The aims of this study were to know the species of trees and shrubs in a fragment of Semideciduous Montane Forest and investigate the floristic difference between Montane and Submontane forests in São Paulo State. To survey tree and shrub species, weekly collectings were done during 15 months in the Fazenda Bela Vista (46º52' W and 22º47' S, 750-850 m). A total of 151 species of 106 genera and 47 angiosperm families was collected. Leguminosae, Myrtaceae, Lauraceae, Rubiaceae, Meliaceae, Piperaceae, Solanaceae, Ocotea, Piper, Machaerium, Miconia, Eugenia and Solanum were the richest taxa. Samples performed by other authors of the Montane and Submontane formations of the Seasonal Semideciduous Forest were compared. Leguminosae, Euphorbiaceae, Myrtaceae, Rubiaceae, Lauraceae, Machaerium, Eugenia, Solanum and Croton had higher relative constancy and richness of tree and shrub species in both formations. The G test indicated that Solanaceae, Asteraceae, Melastomataceae, Aspidosperma, Trichilia and Casearia had significantly higher species richness and relative constancy in the Montane formation. On the other hand, Meliaceae, Rutaceae, Moraceae, Ocotea, Miconia, Myrcia and Ficus had significantly higher richness and constancy in the Submontane formation. Therefore, each formation has distinct floristic composition at the species as well as at genera and family levels.
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