Context: People with chronic low back pain (CLBP) suffer from weaknesses in their core muscle activity and dysfunctional breathing. Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) was recently developed to treat this condition. Objectives: The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of IMT on core muscle activity, pulmonary parameters, and pain intensity in athletes with CLBP. Design: This study was designed as a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Setting: Clinical rehabilitation laboratory. Participants: A total of 23 male and 24 female athletes with CLBP were randomly divided into the experimental and control groups. Main Outcome Measures: The experimental group performed IMT for 8 weeks, 7 days per week and twice daily, using POWERbreathe KH1, beginning at 50% of maximum inspiratory pressure with a progressively increasing training load. The surface electromyography muscle activity of the erector spinae, multifidus, transverse abdominis and rectus abdominis, respiratory function and Visual Analogue Scale score were also measured before and after the intervention in both groups. The repeated-measures analysis of variance and 1-way analysis of covariance were further used to compare the intragroup and intergroup results following the intervention. Results: The findings of the study revealed that multifidus and transverse abdominis activity, as well as respiratory function, increased significantly in the IMT group (P < .05). Moreover, a descending trend was observed in the Visual Analogue Scale score in the experimental group (P < .05). Conclusion: The results showed that IMT can improve respiratory function, increase core muscle activity, and, consequently, reduce pain intensity in athletes with CLBP.
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of 8-week inspiratory muscle training on activity in the ankle muscles of athletes with chronic low-back pain. A randomized controlled trial involving 45 men and women with chronic low-back pain was carried out. Electromyography activity in the tibialis anterior, peroneus longus, gastrocnemius medialis, and gastrocnemius lateralis muscles of the dominant leg was recorded. Secondary outcomes included biopsychosocial indices, such as pain, disability, anxiety and depression, fear-avoidance beliefs, and fear of (re)injury. Static and dynamic overhead squat tests showed that inspiratory muscle training decreased activity in the tibialis anterior, peroneus longus, and gastrocnemius medialis muscles. In the static single-leg squat test and the descending phase of the dynamic equivalent, such a decrease was observed in all the 4 muscles. Inspiratory muscle training significantly reduced pain severity and activity in the tibialis anterior, peroneus longus, and gastrocnemius medialis muscles during the ascending phase of the dynamic single-leg squat test. On the basis of the findings, 8 weeks of inspiratory muscle training may constitute useful rehabilitation for reducing excessive activity in ankle joint muscles and aiding chronic low-back pain recovery.
Objective In our community, there are many children and adults who have certain distinctive aspects of mental, physical, emotional, or behavioral characteristics. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of eight weeks play therapy program on the balance of the mentally retarded children. On this basis according to the needs of the children to play for freshness and lack of research in the field of corrective exercise in a game formats . The angle of kyphosis was measured using a flexible ruler, and the dynamometer was used to evaluate the strengths of trunk muscle. The experimental group performed corrective games for a period of eight weeks (three sessions per week), and during this period, the control group did not perform any exercises. Independent and dependent t-tests were used to analyze the data. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS statistical software version 16, and the significance level was set at 0.05. Results The results of the research showed that corrective games had a significantly positive effect on the kyphosis Angle (P=0.00a & t=4.41) and the strength of trunk muscle (P-0.004 & t-3.15) in mentally retarded children. Conclusion Corrective games can improve kyphosis curve and strength of trunk muscles in mentally retarded children. Based on the results of this research on the corrective effect of play therapy on kyphosis curve and strength of trunk muscle in kyphotic mentally retarded children who need to have an independent living and get rid of physical abnormalities, it is recommended to do play therapy protocols to improve physical abnormalities.
Background and Objective: LBP is one of the most important health problems and the main cause of people's disability in most countries that has reached a stage of the epidemic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of six-weeks aquatic exercise on pain, disability, static balance and function of the trunk and pelvic girdle muscles in women with chronic low back pain. Methods: The statistical population of this study were selected among 20 to 40 year old woman who referred to orthopedic clinics in Hamadan. This is a semiexperimental research. A total of 24 female patients with chronic low back pain were involved in the study and randomly were divided into two groups of 12 individuals: experimental and control groups. The tools for measuring the data were 2 standard questionnaires including Quebec Pain and Oswestry Disability, and also Stork Equilibrium, Seats Up Test, Sorensen Test, and Scott Test. The experimental group performed a six-week training protocol (three sessions per week), and during this period, the control group did not perform any practice. Evaluation and measurements were performed before and after the intervention. In order to analyze the data, using SPSS-19, dependent and independent t-test were used at a significant level of 0/05. Results: The results of t-test showed that the experimental group had significantly improved dependent variables (p <0/05). However, no significant improvement was observed in control group and the independent t-test showed that there was a significant difference in the change of variables between two groups (P ≤ 0/05). Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that the aquatic therapy protocol used in this study can be an effective therapeutic method to improve the physical condition, health, pain, disability, and patients' balance.
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