A dual-temperature zone CVD-assisted approach is developed for producing conductive porous metal catecholate MOF Cu3(HHTP)2 nanowire arrays that are grown on the interface between a solid Cu foil and a solid organic precursor.

Novel water-soluble core–shell hyperbranched polymers (HBPAMs), consisting of nano-SiO2 as the core, hyperbranched polyamidoamide (PAMAM) as the subshell, and linear hydrophilic chains as the outermost layer, were synthesized through an in situ free-radical polymerization strategy. The PAMAM hybrid nano-SiO2, which is preferentially modified by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, was prepared by successively repeating the Michael addition of methyl acrylate and amidation reaction of ethylenediamine. By varying the numbers of functionalized branch-cell units, the numbers of outmost linear hydrophilic chains can be tuned with the mean diameter being 462 nm for HBPAM-1 and 573 nm for HBPAM-2. Rheological measurements demonstrated that HBPAMs were classical power law fluids, and the critical shear rate shifts toward the higher region as the number of linear hydrophilic chains of the outermost shell increase. The intersection modulus and relaxation time were elaborately calculated. Static experiments convincingly proved that the three-dimensional (3D) morphology endowed HBPAMs with excellent shear degradation resistance, desirable salt resistance, and temperature tolerance. Core flooding experiments further confirmed that this unique type of core–shell polymer may have robust applications for enhanced oil recovery (EOR).

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Biological characteristics of corn leaf aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch), on barley, Hordeum vulgare L., were examined for two generations under four different elevated temperature and CO2 combinations. The developmental duration for each life stage was significantly reduced under the elevated temperature (+4 degrees C). The elevated CO2 (700-750 microl/liter) reduced only the development time of fourth-instar nymph. The overall duration of nymphal stage was reduced in the second generation. Thus, the temperature was the dominant factor to development duration of corn leaf aphid. The fecundity of corn leaf aphid was significantly increased under the elevated temperature and CO2, as well as in the later generation. Elevated temperature and CO2 increased the number of alate production, which may enhance the aphid migration or dispersal and the spread of plant viruses. Corn leaf aphid had the highest intrinsic rate of increase under the elevated temperature and CO2 combination in the second generation. These results indicate that the combined effects of both elevated temperature and CO2 on aphid biology may exacerbate aphid damage on barley under the climate change in accompany with elevated temperature and CO2 level.

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