In this contribution, nitrogen- and sulfur-codoped 3D cubic-ordered mesoporous carbon (KNOMC) materials with controlled dopant content (10.0-4.6 atom % for nitrogen and 0.94-0.75 atom % for sulfur) are presented, using KIT-6 as the template and pyrrole as the precursor, and its supercapacitive behavior is also investigated. The presented materials exhibit excellent supercapacitive performance by combining electrical double-layer capacitance and pseudocapacitance as well as the enhanced wettability and improved conductivity generated from the incorporation of nitrogen and sulfur into the framework of carbon materials. The specific capacitance of the presented materials reaches 320 F g(-1) at a current density of 1 A g(-1), which is significantly larger than that of the pristine-ordered mesoporous carbon reported in the literature and can even compete with some metal oxides and conducting polymers.
Common polycarboxylate ether (PCE)
superplasticizers that possess
polyethylene glycol (PEG) graft chains exhibit high sensibility toward
clay impurities contained in concrete aggregates and limestone powder.
The presence of clay greatly weakens their dispersing ability. In
this study, modified vinyl ether-based PCEs were synthesized from
maleic anhydride (MA) and 4-hydroxy butyl vinyl ether (HBVE). We found
that successful copolymerization of these two monomers is dependent
on incorporation of at least ∼30 wt % of a maleic monoalkyl
ester as an auxiliary comonomer. The resulting terpolymers were characterized
and tested for their dispersing ability in cement paste in the absence
and presence of montmorillonite. The MA–monoalkyl maleate–HBVE
terpolymers are little affected by montmorillonite. Sorption measurements
and X-ray diffraction analysis suggest that this novel type of PCE
interacts with montmorillonite only via surface adsorption, whereas
conventional PCEs possessing PEG graft chains incorporate chemically
into the interlayer space of alumosilicates.
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