Objectives
To explore the perceptions of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) regarding their pre‐operative health education.
Methods
A qualitative study using semi‐structured, in‐depth interviews was conducted in one cardiology unit in China from July 2019 to December 2019. Purposeful sampling of 17 patients undergoing PCI was interviewed about their perceptions of pre‐operative health education. Thematic analysis of the transcribed data was then used to identify the themes.
Results
Four themes emerged from the data:(a) triple roles of pre‐operative education with the categories of relief (reliving fear); burden (leading to stress); and meaningless (changing nothing); (b) family member involvement with the categories of shared responsibility and family members’ duty; (c) facilitators in the process of pre‐operative health education with the categories of emotional support, plain language and individualized pre‐operative education; (d) inhibitors in the process of pre‐operative health education with the categories of contradiction and threatening words.
Conclusions
Pre‐operative health education for patients undergoing PCI should be aligned with the individual patients’ information‐seeking styles and personal differences, emphasizing individualized patient education. Traditional Chinese philosophy should be considered in the practice of pre‐operative education for patients undergoing PCI, which emphasizes family member involvement; at the same time, patient empowerment and self‐care should also be stressed. In addition, emotional support and plain language from health professionals are important in pre‐operative health education for patients undergoing PCI; contradiction should be avoided, and threatening words should be used with caution and with consideration for cultural variations during pre‐operative education for patients undergoing PCI.
A Brain-computer interface (BCI) is a novel communication system that translates brain signals into a control signal. Now with the appearance of the commercial EEG headsets and mobile smart platforms (tablet, smartphone), it is possible to develop the mobile BCI system, which can greatly improve the life quality of patients suffering from motor disease, such as amyotrophic lateral scleroses (ALS), multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy and head trauma. This study adopted a 14-channel Emotiv EPOC headset and Microsoft surface pro 3 to realize a dialing system, which was represented by 4×3 matrices of alphanumeric characters. The performance of the online portable dialing system based on P300 is satisfying. The average classification accuracy reaches 88.75±10.57% in lab and 73.75±16.94% in metro, while the information transfer rate (ITR) reaches 7.17±1.80 and 5.05±2.17 bits/min respectively. This means the commercial EEG headset and tablet has good prospect in developing real time BCI system in realistic environments.
A solid-contact potentiometric sensor for in situ detection of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN, free ammonia plus the ammonium ion) in seawater is described. In the compact system, an all-solid-state polymeric membrane ammonium-seletive electrode is integrated with a polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel buffer film of pH 7.0 and a gas-permeable membrane. The gaseous NH 3 in seawater diffuses through the gas-permeable membrane and is converted to NH 4 + in the hydrogel buffer, which can be potentiometrically sensed by the solid-contact ammonium-sensitive membrane electrode. The electrode configuration facilitates the alteration of NH 3 to NH 4 + in the hydrogel buffer film and improves the sensitivity for the detection of TAN by the buffer trap effect. The gas-permeable membrane effectively eliminates the ion interferences from the seawater sample matrixes. The proposed sensor shows a stable potentiometric response in the concentration range of 10 -6 -10 -4 M with a detection limit of 6.4 × 10 -7 M, and has been successfully applied to the detection of TAN in seawater.
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