Two time-budget studies, from Finland and the U.S.A., were examined across nations and across sexes with regard to household production time in two-parent, twochild households. Tim-use difference in various household activity categories (basic housework, child-and member-care, maintenance, and shopping and management) were mdysed according to respondents' employment statw. Three-way analysis of variance revealed that all three variables, nationality, sex and employment status made a significant difference in the time-use mean scores. Part-time employed Finnish men allocated more time to household production than other Finnish men. The equality ratios confirmed that women in both countries carry the heaviest burden in the household work, especially in traditionally female basic housework t a s k In Finnish households the equality ratios were consistently smaller than in the U.S. households indicating a more egalitarian division of household work. Implications for future crossnational time-use research including gender issues are &cussed.
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