Abstract:The concern of risk management has continuously increased in international construction projects. International projects have a high level of risk and complexity, which results in greater possibilities of cost overruns and schedule conflicts when compared with local projects. Therefore, the goal of risk management is to improve project performance by systematically identifying and assessing project risks, developing strategies to reduce or avoid risks and to maximize opportunities. However, there have been very limited studies in systemized risk management methods due to the unstructured nature of the risk items and knowledge, especially for nuclear power plant projects. In order to address this issue, this paper proposes a standardized risk management methodology for nuclear power plant (NPP) construction with a capability of comparing distinctive risk characteristics among fossil, gas, and nuclear power plants. The proposed methodology includes standard risk classifications and structured risk evaluation techniques in terms of likelihood, impact, and weightings for different types of power plants. It also defines risk packages and risk paths for effective manipulation in a structured manner. The proposed methodology, variables, and initial values were identified by an extensive literature review and expert interviews. Finally, a customizable prototype of risk management system in power-plant construction projects was proposed in order to examine the viability. Implications of this paper reveal that the nuclear power plant has much higher risks in all areas when compared with fossil and gas power plants. It was stressed, throughout this study, that the risk factors of nuclear power plant construction need to be continuously monitored and evaluated in order to explore sustainable nuclear power plants.
In an attempt to disseminate traditional Korean culture, a comprehensive research has been initiated by Korean government in order to modernize Korean traditional housing (Hanok) with the objectives of improved energy performance and affordable construction cost. This äóÖHanokäó» project encompasses a wide spectrum of housing research including public policies, planning methods, standard design documents, new building materials and methods, construction standards, maintenance manuals, and advanced IT applications in an integrated manner. One of the biggest challenges in this äóÖHanokäó» project was to modernize the äóÖtraditional timber structureäó» for industrialization, while keeping the traditional way of aesthetic representation. As a solution to meet this complicated requirement, a hybrid timber system was developed by combining traditional methods and industrialized modular members. Different timbers and methods are used together for different part of house elements resulting in cost reduction by 50% for the timber frame. Major criteria for applying different methods include the aesthetic representation, economy, and deformation behaviour of wood. Automated computer numeric control (CNC) machine, standard 3D-CAD objects, standard classifications, and computer applications were also developed in order to make this hybrid system economically feasible. This paper introduces the hybrid timber system for Hanok along with supportive application systems for industrialization. Three mock-up projects, actually built as part of this research project, are compared and analysed in order to illustrate how the proposed hybrid timber system has evolved during the research and development. Lessons learned and future directions will be also briefly discussed.
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