For the simulation of one-dimensional unsteady flow, the Taylor-Galerkin finite element method was adopted to the discretization of the Saint Venant equation. The model was applied to the backwater problem in a single channel and the flood routing in dendritic channel networks. The numerical solutions were compared with previously published results of finite difference and finite element methods and good agreement was observed. The model solves the continuity and the momentum equations in a sequential manner and this leads to easy implementation. Since the final system of matrix is tri-diagonal with a few additional entry due to channel junctions, the tri-diagonal matrix solution algorithm can be used with minor modification. So it is fast and economical in terms of memory for storing matrices.
The aim of this study was to report the patient's opinion of the presence of medical students in ambulatory care, and to find out which factors were related with the outpatient's feelings and opinion.
Methods:The study subjects were 187 outpatients attended at three medical college hospitals in Busan. The subjects completed self-reported questionnaires about the patients' opinion of the presence of medical students in ambulatory care. These data were analyzed chi-square test.Results: Among 187 people, 100 (53.4%) respondents answered with 'agree', 65 (34.8%) were 'no idea', and 22 (11.8%) were 'disagree' about the presence of medical students in ambulatory care. The patient's age, sex, educational level, and monthly income were not related significantly with the patient's opinion of the presence of medical students in ambulatory care. The factors related to subject's opinion were previous experience of medical students' inspection (p<0.05), comfortableness of talking to doctor with medical students (p<0.001), and previous recognizing the medical educational function of the medical college hospital (p<0.005).
Conclusion:Most outpatients have positive opinion for the presence of medical students in ambulatory care. But, because some outpatients have negative opinion toward the presence of medical students in ambulatory care, we need systemic consideration about them.
Hydraulics usually deals with flows with free surface. When the surface curvature is small, the assumption of hydrostatic pressure distribution is enough. However, in the case, when the curvature is big, the non-hydrostatic pressure distribution should be taken into account and the Navier-Stokes equations should be employed instead of the depth-averaged shallow water equations. For the simulation of two immiscible fluids with different characteristics (e.g. water and air, water and oil), the level set method is selected for this purpose. The developed model is applied to classical dam break problem and the computational results are compared with the experimental data. The effectiveness of the developed model is confirmed.■ keyword :|Hydraulics|Free Surface|Level Set Method|Dam Break|
A level-set finite-element method is employed to investigate the free surface flow of two conceptual fish passage designs. While one design has a right-angled entrance from the reservoir to the fish passage chute, the other has a curved-shaped entrance. The numerical results are validated with hydraulic experiments through comparison of the free surface location and the pressure distribution in the spillway. It is observed that the right-angled design yields a curved free surface and pressure distribution in the vicinity of the entrance due to large strains, whereas the curved-shaped design yields a smooth flow transition with small strains.The subatmospheirc pressure distributions near the spillway ogee crest for both designs exhibit similar flow patterns. It is concluded that the curved-shaped design is more favorable for fish passage because of the feature of a smooth flow transition with small strains.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.