Ductal stricture is a common cause of obstructive salivary gland disease. Balloon dilatation of the parotid duct as a minimally invasive technique is currently carried out under fluoroscopic guidance or during sialendocopy. We present a case report of ultrasound-guided balloon dilatation. A 45-year-old female presented with a long history of obstructive symptoms affecting the right parotid gland. Ultrasound examination revealed a tortuous right main parotid duct with marked dilatation throughout its course and multiple sites of focal stricture formation. A sialogram was carried out to further characterize the ductal system, it showed significant dilatation of the main duct but due to overlapping of the elements of sialodochitis the visualization of the location and presence of strictures was very difficult. It was felt that ultrasound would be a better imaging modality to utilize in order to guide balloon dilatation of the strictures. Therefore, a balloon dilatation was carried out under ultrasound guidance. The main advantage of this technique is to preserve the physician and the patient from radiation exposure. In our knowledge this is the first case reported yet in the literature.
In this article, the risks associated with dental X-ray examinations, the doses from different types of dental x-ray examinations, the principles of radiation protection and the key points set out in the IRR 17 and IRMER 17 legislation, with emphasis on the relevant changes between these new sets of legislation and the preceding IRR 99 and IRMER 2000 legislation, are considered. CPD/Clinical Relevance: An update and overview for the dental team on radiation protection and the relevant legislation.
A 56-year-old male patient presented to an emergency dental service with multiple intraoral swellings. The intra-oral swellings were seen radiographically as punched out radiolucencies in the upper right first molar region and the lower left second molar region.The patient had a complex medical history which included a diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD), tertiary hyperparathyroidism and papillary thyroid cancer. Thyroid metastasis and Brown tumours were therefore considered as the differential diagnosis.The radiographic appearance favoured Brown tumours. The tumour in the upper right quadrant was excised with histology confirming Brown tumours. Surgical parathyroidectomy was subsequently performed. There was no further surgical intervention undertaken following the parathyroidectomy and over time, both intra-oral swellings were found well healed with bony infiltration at both sites.
Dens invaginatus occurs in varied forms with potential impact on the restorability, potential for pulpal infection of the tooth and difficulty in undertaking endodontic treatment of the tooth. Diagnosis of dens invaginatus and the particular type of dens invaginatus can be challenging. This article describes abnormality of crown morphology, a classification of dens invaginatus, and its pathology and illustrates the diagnosis and management of an unusual case of dens invaginatus in a maxillary left second permanent molar diagnosed with the help of CBCT. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Dens invaginatus is a common occurrence and therefore all dentists need to have an appreciation of it.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.