Background: Childhood ADHD is an impairing neurodevelopmental disorder with associated long-term negative outcomes in a variety of domains. Despite this, there is a significant delay to treatment and a low rate of lifetime treatment contact for individuals with ADHD. Barriers to child treatment include parental poor symptom recognition, attitudinal barriers, evaluative barriers, fear of stigma, and structural barriers. These barriers are important to consider in the context of the family system, as parents serve as gatekeepers to mental health treatment for their children. In addition, parents' perceptions of the quality and type of their children's symptoms may also inform their information-seeking behaviors and ultimately, treatment decisions. The current study aimed to examine (a) variables associated with treatment-seeking attitudes, (b) variables associated with information-seeking behaviors, and (c) the relationship between treatment-seeking attitudes and information-seeking behaviors in a non-treatment-seeking parent sample. Method: Data from 169 non-treatment-seeking parents were analyzed. All parents participated in an online study that assessed their perceptions of their own children's symptoms, parenting selfefficacy, satisfaction with treatment providers for themselves and their child, knowledge about ADHD and treatment, symptom recognition, stigma towards ADHD, and treatment attitudes. Information-seeking behaviors were also measured. Results: Linear and logistic regressions analyzed the association between parental factors and treatment attitudes and information-seeking behavior, as well as the association between attitudes and information-seeking behavior. In these non-treatment-seeking parents, attitudes towards ADHD treatment were significantly associated with ADHD knowledge and misconceptions, causal attributions and understanding of ADHD, parenting self-efficacy, ADHD stigma, ADHD knowledge, and satisfaction with past providers. No hypothesized factors were significantly associated with information-seeking behavior. Attitudes towards treatment and informationseeking behavior were also not significantly associated with each other. Discussion: Parental knowledge and understanding of ADHD symptoms and treatment, low levels of ADHD stigma, and positive experiences with past medical providers for oneself and one's child were the best predictors of holding positive attitudes about ADHD treatment. Significant relations between these factors and treatment attitudes and information-seeking behavior did not emerge, however, highlighting the need for additional research on factors associated with treatment attitudes as well as continued study of how best to enhance treatment attitudes.

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A categorical diagnosis of ADHD in childhood predicted a greater variety of worse outcomes than dimensional levels of ADHD symptoms. Despite the significant impact of comorbid ADHD in 22q11DS, evidence-based treatment rates were low.

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In contrast to mammals, zebrafish can regenerate their damaged photoreceptors. This capacity depends on the intrinsic plasticity of Müller glia (MG). Here, we identified that the transgenic reporter careg, a marker of regenerating fin and heart, also participates in retina restoration in zebrafish. After methylnitrosourea (MNU) treatment, the retina became deteriorated and contained damaged cell types including rods, UV-sensitive cones and the outer plexiform layer. This phenotype was associated with the induction of careg expression in a subset of MG until the reconstruction of the photoreceptor synaptic layer. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) analysis of regenerating retinas revealed a population of immature rods, defined by high expression of rhodopsin and the ciliogenesis gene meig1, but low expression of phototransduction genes. Furthermore, cones displayed deregulation of metabolic and visual perception genes in response to retina injury. Comparison between careg:EGFP expressing and non-expressing MG demonstrated that these two subpopulations are characterized by distinct molecular signatures, suggesting their heterogenous responsiveness to the regenerative program. Dynamics of ribosomal protein S6 phosphorylation showed that TOR signaling became progressively switched from MG to progenitors. Inhibition of TOR with rapamycin reduced the cell cycle activity, but neither affected careg:EGFP expression in MG, nor prevented restoration of the retina structure. This indicates that MG reprogramming, and progenitor cell proliferation might be regulated by distinct mechanisms. In conclusion, the careg reporter detects activated MG, and provides a common marker of regeneration-competent cells in diverse zebrafish organs, including the retina.